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Ch. 2 - Descriptive Statistics
Larson - Elementary Statistics: Picturing the World 8th Edition
Larson8th EditionElementary Statistics: Picturing the WorldISBN: 9780137493470당신이 사용하는 게 아니라요?교과서 변경
2장, 문제 2.T.1

According to data from the city of Toronto, Ontario, Canada, there were nearly 112,000 parking infractions in the city for December 2020, with fines totaling over 5,500,000 Canadian dollars. The fines (in Canadian dollars) for a random sample of 105 parking infractions in Toronto, Ontario, Canada, for December 2020 are listed below. (Source: City of Toronto)


Table displaying a dataset of parking fines in Toronto, with values ranging from 30 to 250 Canadian dollars.
Table displaying a sample of parking fines in Canadian dollars for December 2020 in Toronto, with values organized in rows and columns.
In Exercises 1–5, use technology. If possible, print your results.


Find the sample mean of the data.

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1
Step 1: Understand the problem. The goal is to calculate the sample mean of the fines listed in the dataset. The sample mean is the average of all the values in the dataset.
Step 2: Organize the data. The fines are listed in the images provided. Combine all the values into a single list for calculation purposes.
Step 3: Use the formula for the sample mean: \( \text{Sample Mean} = \frac{\sum x_i}{n} \), where \( x_i \) represents each individual fine and \( n \) is the total number of fines in the sample.
Step 4: Add all the fines together to calculate \( \sum x_i \). This involves summing up all the values provided in the dataset.
Step 5: Divide the total sum of fines (\( \sum x_i \)) by the total number of fines (\( n = 105 \)) to compute the sample mean.

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주요 개념

질문에 올바르게 답하기 위해 반드시 이해해야 하는 핵심 개념들은 다음과 같습니다.

Sample Mean

The sample mean is the average of a set of values obtained from a sample of a population. It is calculated by summing all the values in the sample and dividing by the number of observations. The sample mean provides a measure of central tendency, helping to summarize the data and understand its overall behavior.
추천 영상:
가이드 코스
05:11
Sampling Distribution of Sample Proportion

Descriptive Statistics

Descriptive statistics are methods for summarizing and organizing data to provide a clear overview of its main features. This includes measures such as mean, median, mode, and standard deviation, which help to describe the data's distribution and variability. Descriptive statistics are essential for interpreting data before conducting further analysis.
추천 영상:
가이드 코스
05:53
Parameters vs. Statistics

Data Visualization

Data visualization involves representing data graphically to identify patterns, trends, and insights more easily. Techniques such as charts, graphs, and tables help convey complex information in a more digestible format. In the context of the parking fines data, visualizing the distribution of fines can enhance understanding and facilitate comparisons.
추천 영상:
가이드 코스
04:39
Visualizing Qualitative vs. Quantitative Data
관련 실천
교과서 질문

Use frequency distribution formulas to estimate the sample mean and the sample standard deviation of the data set in Exercise 2.

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교과서 질문

The overall averages of 12 students in a statistics class prior to taking the final exam are listed.

67 72 88 73 99 85 81 87 63 94 68 87


d. Display the data in a stem-and-leaf plot. Use one line per stem.

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교과서 질문

For the four test scores 96, 85, 91, and 86, the first 3 test scores are 20% of the final grade, and the last test score is 40% of the final grade. Find the weighted mean of the test scores.

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교과서 질문

The overall averages of 12 students in a statistics class prior to taking the final exam are listed.

67 72 88 73 99 85 81 87 63 94 68 87


a. Find the mean, median, and mode of the data set. Which best represents the center of the data?

95
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교과서 질문

The data set represents the number of movies that a sample of 20 people watched in a year.

121 148 94 142 170 88 221 106 18 67

149 28 60 101 134 168 92 154 53 66


c. Display the data using a relative frequency histogram.

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교과서 질문

In Exercises 1 and 2, use the data set, which represents the overall average class sizes for 20 national universities. (Adapted from Public University Honors)

37 34 42 44 39 40 41 51 49 31

52 26 31 40 30 27 36 43 48 35


Construct a relative frequency histogram using the frequency distribution in Exercise 1. Then determine which class has the greatest relative frequency and which has the least relative frequency.

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