Given two unit vectors and on the unit circle, what is the angle between them if = and = ? Express your answer using one significant figure.
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Identify the given vectors \( \vec{a} = (1, 0) \) and \( \vec{b} = (0, 1) \), both of which lie on the unit circle, meaning their magnitudes are 1.
Recall the formula for the angle \( \theta \) between two vectors using the dot product:
\[ \vec{a} \cdot \vec{b} = |\vec{a}| |\vec{b}| \cos(\theta) \]
Calculate the dot product of \( \vec{a} \) and \( \vec{b} \):
\[ \vec{a} \cdot \vec{b} = (1)(0) + (0)(1) = 0 \]
Since both vectors are unit vectors, their magnitudes are 1, so substitute into the dot product formula:
\[ 0 = 1 \times 1 \times \cos(\theta) \implies \cos(\theta) = 0 \]
Find the angle \( \theta \) by taking the inverse cosine (arccos) of 0:
\[ \theta = \arccos(0) \]. This angle corresponds to one of the standard angles on the unit circle.