27. Reproductive System

Hormonal regulation of testicular function and testosterone

Male Reproductive Physiology

Male HPG Axis

 The epididymis is the site of sperm maturation, not sperm production. 

 The seminal gland contributes fluid to the semen and is not the site of sperm production. 

 The prostate gland contributes fluid to the semen and is not the site of sperm production. 

 Interstitial cells produce testosterone. 

 The spermatic cord consists of lymphatics, blood vessels, nerves, and the ductus deferens and is not the site of sperm production. 

Spermatogenesis

Erection & Ejaculation

 During spermiogenesis, spermatids are converted to functional sperm: The spermatids lose excess cytoplasm, elongate, and form a tail. The resulting sperm (spermatozoa) have a head, midpiece, and tail. 

 Conversion of haploid spermatids to functional sperm is specifically called __________. 

 Testosterone is involved in the regulation of the number of sperm produced in the testes. 

 Gonadotropin-releasing hormone is involved in the regulation of the number of sperm produced in the testes. 

 Inhibin is involved in the regulation of the number of sperm produced in the testes. 

 Which of the following hormones is NOT involved in the regulation of the number of sperm produced in the testes? 

 Sperm is actually a minor component of semen. Most (about 70%) of semen fluid volume is attributed to secretions of the seminal glands (vesicles). 

 Testosterone stimulates sperm cell production, promotes the development of male secondary sex characteristics, maintains male libido, and stimulates maturation of male sex organs. 

 maintains male secondary sex characteristics 

 stimulates maturation of male sex organs 

 Which of the following is NOT an effect of testosterone? 

Reproductive System, Sex & Fertilization

 Interstitial, or Leydig cells, produce testosterone. 

 __________ cells, located between seminiferous tubules, produce testosterone. 

 The hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis regulates the production of gametes and sex hormones in males. 

 Which of the following represents the order in which reproductive hormones are secreted in males? 

Hormonal Regulation of the Male Reproductive System

 The head of the sperm contains the cell's nucleus. Atop the nucleus is a package of enzymes called the acrosome. The enzymes in the acrosome allow the sperm cell to penetrate the egg. The sperm midpiece contains many mitochondria spiraled tightly around the contractile filament of the tail. The main role of the mitochondria is to provide energy for motility. 

 The area of the sperm cell that contains many mitochondria is the __________. 

 the mature ovum is diploid and the sperm is haploid 

 one mature ovum is produced in oogenesis, and four mature sperm are produced in spermatogenesis 

 two polar bodies are produced in spermatogenesis 

 the mature ovum is haploid and the sperm is diploid 

 spermatogenesis involves mitosis and meiosis, but oogenesis involves meiosis only 

 The basic difference between spermatogenesis and oogenesis is that __________. 

 ejaculatory duct, epididymis, seminiferous tubules, vas deferens, spongy urethra, prostatic urethra, ampulla 

 The following list represents the correct order of structures through which sperm will pass: seminiferous tubules, epididymis, vas deferens, ampulla, ejaculatory duct, prostatic urethra, spongy urethra. 

 seminiferous tubules, epididymis, vas deferens, ampulla, ejaculatory duct, prostatic urethra, spongy urethra 

 epididymis, seminiferous tubules, ampulla, vas deferens, prostatic urethra, ejaculatory duct, spongy urethra 

 epididymis, ampulla, seminiferous tubules, vas deferens, spongy urethra, prostatic urethra, ejaculatory duct 

 In order, list the structures sperm will pass through from the testes to the external urethral orifice. 

 Parasympathetic stimulation causes NO to be released, causing penile arterioles to dilate, allowing the erectile bodies to fill with blood. 

 In terms of the male sexual response, parasympathetic stimulation causes __________. 

Spermatogenesis | Reproductive system physiology

Spermatogenesis Made Easy

Male Reproductive System | Spermatogenesis

 The acrosome contains enzymes that allow the sperm to penetrate the egg. 

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Anatomy & Physiology

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Crash Course Anatomy & Physiology

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AK LECTURES

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MEDSimplified

1. Introduction to A&P

2. Chemistry

3. Cells

4. Tissues

5. Integumentary System

6. Bones + Skeletal Tissues

7. Skeletal System

8. Joints

9. Muscles and Muscle Tissue

10. Muscular System

11. Nervous Tissue

12. Central Nervous System

13. Peripheral Nervous System

14. Autonomic Nervous System

15. Special Senses

16. Endocrine System

17. Blood

18. Cardiovascular System: the Heart

19. Cardiovascular System: Blood Vessels

20. Lymphatic System

21. Immune System

22. Respiratory System

23. Digestive System

24. Nutrition, Metabolism, Energy Balance

25. Urinary System

26. Fluid and Electrolyte Balance, Acid Base Balance

28. Pregnancy and Human Development

29. Heredity

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Ovaries

Female reproductive duct system

Female external genitalia