Pattern Recognition Receptors (PRRs) definitions Flashcards
Pattern Recognition Receptors (PRRs) definitions
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Pattern Recognition Receptors Cell surface receptors on immune cells that detect microbial invasion and host cell damage. Toll-like Receptors Membrane-embedded receptors that detect MAMPs outside or ingested by the cell. C-type Lectin Receptors Cell surface receptors that bind to carbohydrate MAMPs on microbial surfaces. Nod-like Receptors Cytoplasmic receptors that detect intracellular MAMPs and DAMPs, forming inflammasomes. RIG-like Receptors Cytoplasmic receptors that detect viral RNA, distinguishing it from host RNA. MAMPs Microbe-associated molecular patterns indicating microbial presence. DAMPs Damage-associated molecular patterns indicating host cell damage. Cytokines Signaling proteins released by cells, especially in response to PRR activation. Endosomes Membrane-bound compartments within cells, involved in transporting ingested materials. Phagosomes Vesicles formed around a particle engulfed by phagocytosis, containing PRRs. Lipopolysaccharide Component of the outer membrane of gram-negative bacteria, detected by PRRs. Peptidoglycan Molecule specific to bacterial cell walls, recognized by PRRs. Flagellin Protein component of bacterial flagella, detected as a MAMP by PRRs. Inflammasome Protein complex formed by NLRs that activates pro-inflammatory cytokine production. Interferon Cytokine released in response to viral infections, often triggered by RIG-like receptors.
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