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Anatomy & Physiology: Epithelial Tissue Basics

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  • tissue

    A collection of specialized cells and cell products that performs a specific function.

  • histology

    The study of tissues.

  • Epithelial tissue

    Epithelial tissue includes epithelia and glands.

  • Apical surface

    Where the cell is exposed to an internal or external environment.

  • Basal surface

    The bottom edge or side of an epithelial cell that rests against the basement membrane.

  • microvilli

    Small, fingerlike extensions of the exposed plasma membrane of an epithelial cell.

  • Basement membrane

    A layer of filaments and fibers that attach an epithelium to the underlying connective tissue.

  • avascular

    Without blood vessels.

  • Simple epithelia

    An epithelium containing a single layer of cells superficial to the basement membrane.

  • Stratified epithelia

    An epithelium containing several layers.

  • Squamous cells

    Single flat, scale-like cells.

  • Cuboidal cells

    Cells that are shaped like a block or a hexagonal box.

  • Columnar cells

    Cells that are taller and thinner.

  • Pseudostratified columnar epithelium

    A single layer of column-shaped cells.

  • Transitional cells

    Cells that line the inside of organs in your urinary system.