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Anatomy & Physiology Flashcards

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Terms in this set (20)

  • What are the nine regions of the abdominal area?

    The nine regions are Right hypochondriac, Epigastric, Left hypochondriac, Right lumbar, Umbilical, Left lumbar, Right iliac, Hypogastric, and Left iliac regions.

  • What is the main event during prophase of mitosis?

    Chromosomes condense and become visible, spindle fibers form, and the nuclear envelope begins to break down.

  • What happens during metaphase in mitosis?

    Chromosomes align at the cell's equatorial plate, attached to spindle fibers from opposite poles.

  • Describe anaphase in mitosis.

    Sister chromatids separate and move toward opposite poles of the cell.

  • What occurs during telophase of mitosis?

    Chromosomes decondense, nuclear envelopes reform around each set, and the cell prepares to divide.

  • What is the function of epithelial tissue?

    Epithelial tissue covers body surfaces, lines cavities, and forms glands for protection, absorption, and secretion.

  • What is the characteristic structure of bone tissue?

    Bone tissue has a matrix of collagen fibers and mineral salts, organized into osteons with central canals.

  • What distinguishes smooth muscle tissue microscopically?

    Smooth muscle cells are spindle-shaped, non-striated, and have a single central nucleus.

  • What is the primary function of red blood cells?

    Red blood cells transport oxygen from the lungs to body tissues and carry carbon dioxide back to the lungs.

  • What type of epithelium lines the respiratory tract?

    Pseudostratified ciliated columnar epithelium with goblet cells.

  • What is the role of connective tissue?

    Connective tissue supports, binds, and protects organs and tissues throughout the body.

  • Name the three layers of the skin.

    The skin consists of the epidermis, dermis, and hypodermis (subcutaneous layer).

  • What bones form the human skull?

    The skull is formed by the frontal, parietal, temporal, occipital, sphenoid, and ethmoid bones, among others.

  • What is the mandible?

    The mandible is the lower jawbone, the largest and strongest bone of the face.

  • What is the atlas vertebra?

    The atlas is the first cervical vertebra that supports the skull and allows nodding motion.

  • What is the function of the vertebral body?

    The vertebral body supports weight and forms the anterior portion of a vertebra.

  • What are the ribs and their classification?

    Ribs are curved bones forming the thoracic cage; the first 7 are true ribs, ribs 8-12 are false ribs.

  • What is the scapula?

    The scapula is the shoulder blade, a flat triangular bone connecting the humerus with the clavicle.

  • What bones make up the pelvis?

    The pelvis is formed by the ilium, ischium, and pubis bones.

  • What bones form the foot skeleton?

    The foot skeleton includes the tarsals, metatarsals, and phalanges.