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Anatomy & Physiology: Human Skeleton Overview

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Terms in this set (28)

  • Axial skeleton components
    Includes the skull, vertebrae, ribs, and sternum.
  • Frontal bone key feature
    Contains the supraorbital foramina above the eye sockets.
  • Temporal bone important markings
    Includes the external acoustic meatus, mastoid process, styloid process, mandibular fossa, and zygomatic process.
  • Occipital bone features
    Has the foramen magnum and occipital condyles for skull-spine connection.
  • Sutures of the skull
    Major sutures are coronal, sagittal, lambdoid, and squamous.
  • Sphenoid bone notable parts
    Includes the greater wing, lesser wing, sella turcica, and optic foramina.
  • Ethmoid bone key structures
    Contains the perpendicular plate (upper nasal septum) and cribriform plate.
  • Mandible important landmarks
    Features the mandibular condyle, angle, ramus, alveolar processes, mental foramina, and mandibular foramina.
  • Vomer bone function
    Forms the lower nasal septum.
  • Maxilla key features
    Has infraorbital foramina, alveolar processes, and the palatine process forming the anterior bony palate.
  • Zygomatic bone location
    Forms the cheekbone and part of the orbit.
  • Vertebrae regions and counts
    Cervical (7), thoracic (12), lumbar (5), sacral (5 fused), coccygeal (4 fused).
  • Common vertebra structures
    Include the body, spinous process, vertebral foramen, transverse processes, and intervertebral foramen.
  • Atlas (C1) unique features
    Lacks a body and has transverse foramina.
  • Axis (C2) special structure
    Has the dens which allows head rotation.
  • Rib classifications
    True ribs (1-7), false ribs (8-10), and floating ribs (11-12).
  • Sternum parts
    Consists of the manubrium, body, and xiphoid process.
  • Pectoral girdle bones
    Includes the clavicle and scapula.
  • Clavicle ends
    Has the acromial end (lateral) and sternal end (medial).
  • Scapula key landmarks
    Includes the spine, glenoid cavity, acromion, coracoid process, and subscapular fossa.
  • Pelvic girdle bones
    Composed of the sacrum and paired os coxa (ilium, ischium, pubis).
  • Os coxa important features
    Includes the pubic symphysis, pubic crest, ischial tuberosity, acetabulum, iliac crest, and iliac fossa.
  • Hand bones overview
    Contains 8 carpals, 5 metacarpals, and 14 phalanges (thumb has 2, others have 3).
  • Foot bones overview
    Includes talus, calcaneus, 7 tarsals, 5 metatarsals, and 14 phalanges (big toe has 2, others have 3).
  • Femur key landmarks
    Has the head, neck, greater and lesser trochanters, patellar surface, and medial and lateral condyles.
  • Humerus important features
    Includes the head, neck, greater and lesser tubercles, deltoid tuberosity, olecranon fossa, trochlea, and coronoid fossa.
  • Ulna distinguishing parts
    Has the olecranon process, trochlear notch, coronoid process, medial and lateral epicondyles, and radial notch.
  • Radius key features
    Includes the head, styloid process (lateral), and radial tuberosity.