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Anatomy & Physiology II Final Lab Practical Terms

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Terms in this set (30)

  • Nasal cavity
    The hollow space behind the nose that filters, warms, and moistens air before it reaches the lungs.
  • Nasal septum
    The cartilage and bone structure that divides the nasal cavity into left and right halves.
  • Conchae (superior, middle, inferior)
    Curved bony ridges inside the nasal cavity that increase surface area to warm and humidify inhaled air.
  • Pharynx
    A muscular tube that connects the nasal and oral cavities to the larynx and esophagus; divided into nasopharynx, oropharynx, and laryngopharynx.
  • Larynx
    The voice box containing the vocal folds; responsible for sound production and protecting the airway during swallowing.
  • Thyroid cartilage
    The largest cartilage of the larynx, commonly known as the Adam's apple.
  • Epiglottis
    A flap of cartilage that covers the trachea during swallowing to prevent food from entering the airway.
  • Trachea
    The windpipe; a tube reinforced with cartilage rings that conducts air to the bronchi.
  • Primary bronchi (right and left)
    The two main branches of the trachea that lead air into each lung.
  • Lungs (apex and base)
    The apex is the top pointed part of the lung; the base is the broad bottom resting on the diaphragm.
  • Visceral pleura
    The membrane that directly covers the surface of the lungs.
  • Parietal pleura
    The membrane lining the thoracic cavity and diaphragm.
  • Right lung lobes
    The right lung has three lobes: superior, middle, and inferior, separated by horizontal and oblique fissures.
  • Left lung lobes
    The left lung has two lobes: superior and inferior, separated by an oblique fissure.
  • Kidney renal cortex
    The outer region of the kidney containing nephrons responsible for filtering blood.
  • Renal medulla
    The inner region of the kidney composed of renal pyramids that concentrate urine.
  • Renal pelvis
    The funnel-shaped structure that collects urine from the calyces and channels it into the ureter.
  • Ureter
    A muscular tube that transports urine from the kidney to the urinary bladder.
  • Urinary bladder
    A hollow muscular organ that stores urine before it is excreted.
  • Oral cavity
    The mouth area containing teeth, tongue, and salivary glands; beginning of the digestive tract.
  • Teeth types
    Incisors cut, cuspids (canines) tear, bicuspids (premolars) crush, and molars grind food.
  • Stomach with rugae
    A muscular organ with folds (rugae) that allow expansion and aid mechanical digestion.
  • Liver lobes
    The liver has a large right lobe and a smaller left lobe, involved in metabolism and bile production.
  • Gall bladder
    A small organ that stores and concentrates bile produced by the liver.
  • Pancreas
    An organ that produces digestive enzymes and hormones like insulin.
  • Small intestine parts
    Divided into duodenum, jejunum, and ileum; responsible for nutrient absorption.
  • Large intestine sections
    Includes cecum, ascending, transverse, descending, sigmoid colon, rectum, and anus; absorbs water and forms feces.
  • Testis
    Male reproductive organ that produces sperm and testosterone.
  • Ovaries
    Female reproductive organs that produce eggs and hormones like estrogen and progesterone.
  • Uterus
    A muscular organ where a fertilized egg implants and develops during pregnancy.