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Anatomy & Physiology Key Concepts

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Terms in this set (11)

  • Parts of a feedback loop

    Receptor detects change, control center processes information, and effector produces response to maintain homeostasis.

  • Polar covalent bond

    A chemical bond where electrons are shared unequally, creating partial positive and negative charges on atoms.

  • Secondary active transport

    Movement of molecules using energy from the electrochemical gradient created by primary active transport, not directly from ATP.

  • Transcription of DNA

    Process where RNA polymerase synthesizes messenger RNA (mRNA) from a DNA template strand.

  • Cell life cycle phases

    Includes interphase (G1, S, G2) and mitosis (prophase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase) followed by cytokinesis.

  • Melanin production and location

    Produced by melanocytes in the basal layer of the epidermis; protects skin from UV radiation.

  • Vitamin D synthesis

    UV light converts 7-dehydrocholesterol in skin to previtamin D3, which is then converted to active vitamin D in liver and kidneys.

  • Superficial wound healing

    Involves epidermal regeneration without scarring, primarily through migration and proliferation of basal cells.

  • Deep wound healing phases

    Includes inflammatory, migratory, proliferative, and maturation phases with scar tissue formation.

  • Defensins

    Small antimicrobial peptides produced by skin cells that disrupt microbial membranes to protect against infection.

  • Dermcidin

    An antimicrobial peptide secreted by sweat glands that provides broad-spectrum defense on the skin surface.