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Anatomy & Physiology Lab Practical Terms

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Terms in this set (29)

  • Ocular lens
    The lens of a microscope that is closest to the eye; it magnifies the image formed by the objective lens.
  • Revolving nosepiece
    The part of the microscope that holds the objective lenses and can be rotated to change magnification.
  • Objective lens
    The lens closest to the specimen that provides primary magnification in a compound microscope.
  • Mechanical stage
    The platform on a microscope where the slide is placed and can be moved precisely using adjustment knobs.
  • Coarse focus knob
    The larger knob on a microscope used for rough focusing by moving the stage or objective lens quickly.
  • Fine focus knob
    The smaller knob on a microscope used for precise focusing after using the coarse focus.
  • Nucleus
    A cell structure containing DNA and controlling cell activities.
  • Cytoplasm
    The gel-like substance inside the cell membrane that contains organelles.
  • Plasma membrane
    The outer boundary of the cell that controls what enters and leaves the cell.
  • Simple squamous epithelium
    A single layer of flat cells that allows for diffusion and filtration.
  • Simple cuboidal epithelium
    A single layer of cube-shaped cells involved in secretion and absorption.
  • Simple columnar epithelium
    A single layer of tall cells often with microvilli and goblet cells, specialized for absorption and secretion.
  • Goblet cell
    A cell that secretes mucus, found in some epithelial tissues.
  • Pseudostratified columnar epithelium
    A single layer of cells with varying heights that appears stratified; often has cilia and goblet cells.
  • Stratified squamous epithelium
    Multiple layers of flat cells that protect underlying tissues in areas subject to abrasion.
  • Areolar connective tissue
    A loose connective tissue containing fibroblasts, collagen, and elastic fibers that supports and binds other tissues.
  • Adipose tissue
    Connective tissue composed mainly of adipocytes that store fat.
  • Hyaline cartilage
    A type of cartilage with a glassy matrix containing chondrocytes in lacunae, providing support and flexibility.
  • Osteon
    The structural unit of compact bone, consisting of concentric lamellae surrounding a central canal.
  • Erythrocyte
    A red blood cell responsible for oxygen transport.
  • Neuron
    A nerve cell that transmits electrical signals; consists of a cell body, axon, and dendrites.
  • Skeletal muscle
    Muscle tissue characterized by striations and voluntary control.
  • Cardiac muscle
    Striated muscle tissue with intercalated discs found only in the heart.
  • Stratum basale
    The deepest layer of the epidermis where new skin cells are generated.
  • Papillary layer
    The upper layer of the dermis made of areolar connective tissue containing dermal papillae.
  • Trachea
    The windpipe; a tube that connects the larynx to the lungs.
  • Heart
    The muscular organ that pumps blood through the cardiovascular system.
  • Kidney
    An organ that filters blood to produce urine.
  • Liver
    A large organ involved in metabolism, detoxification, and bile production.