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Anatomy & Physiology: Membrane Transport Processes

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Terms in this set (15)

  • What is selective permeability?

    Selective permeability is when the membrane only allows certain molecules that pass a criteria to pass through.

  • What is the difference between active and passive transport?

    Passive transport requires no cellular energy and moves molecules down their concentration gradient. Active transport requires energy from ATP to move molecules against their gradient.

  • Define diffusion.

    Diffusion is the movement of particles from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration.

  • How do simple diffusion and facilitated diffusion differ?

    Simple diffusion is passive movement of molecules directly through the membrane. Facilitated diffusion uses proteins to help molecules that cannot pass due to size, charge, or polarity.

  • What is osmosis?

    Osmosis is the diffusion of water across a semipermeable membrane.

  • Describe isotonic, hypotonic, and hypertonic solutions.

    Isotonic: equal solute concentration. Hypotonic: lower solute concentration, causes cells to swell. Hypertonic: higher solute concentration, causes cells to shrink.

  • What is vesicular transport?

    Vesicular transport is active transport moving substances in/out of the cell via membrane-bound vesicles.

  • Define phagocytosis.

    cell engulfs or eats materials

  • Define pinocytosis.

    Brings fluid into the cell with membrane bound vesicles (drinks)

  • What is receptor-mediated endocytosis?

    Receptor-mediated endocytosis is bringing substances in with specific receptors.

  • What is exocytosis?

    Exocytosis is the process of exporting materials out of the cell using vesicular transport.

  • What are the main processes responsible for movement across the plasma membrane?

    Passive transport and active transport are responsible for movement across the plasma membrane.

  • What is the driving force for passive transport?

    The driving force for passive transport is the concentration gradient, the difference in concentration across a space.

  • What is the driving force for active transport?

    The driving force for active transport is the electrical gradient, a difference in electrical charge across a space.

  • In which direction do substances move passively through a selectively permeable membrane?

    Substances move from areas of higher concentration to areas of lower concentration.