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Anatomy & Physiology Respiratory and Circulatory System Review

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  • Air pathway of respiratory structures

    Nasal cavity, internal nares, pharynx, larynx, trachea, bronchi, terminal bronchioles, respiratory bronchioles

  • Bones forming the nasal septum

    Perpendicular plate of ethmoid and vomer fuse to form the nasal septum

  • Function of the soft palate

    Stops food from entering the nasopharynx during swallowing

  • Oropharynx function

    Common passageway for both food and air

  • Parietal pleura location

    Serous membrane lining the thoracic wall

  • Role of cartilage in the respiratory system

    Keeps conduction zone airways open and prevents airway collapse

  • Carina

    Area where the trachea splits into the bronchi

  • Secondary bronchi are also called

    Lobar bronchi

  • Layers punctured by a bullet passing through the chest to the heart

    Parietal pleura, pleural cavity, visceral pleura, lung tissue, visceral pleura, pleural cavity, parietal pleura

  • Structure that prevents food from entering the nasopharynx

    Soft palate

  • Structure that keeps the conduction zone open

    Cartilage

  • Muscle allowing esophagus expansion during swallowing

    Trachealis muscle located on the posterior side of the trachea

  • Type of epithelium lining alveolar walls

    Simple squamous epithelium

  • Upper respiratory tract structures

    Pharynx, nose, nasal cavity, paranasal sinuses

  • Blood vessel carrying oxygenated blood away from the heart

    Arteries

  • Blood vessel layer with smooth muscle and elastic fibers

    Tunica media

  • Vessels branching off the aortic arch

    Left subclavian, brachiocephalic trunk, left common carotid artery

  • Circulatory route from digestive tract to liver

    Hepatic portal circulation

  • Function of hepatic portal vein

    Carries nutrient-rich, oxygen-poor blood to hepatocytes of the liver

  • Cells secreting pepsinogen in the stomach

    Chief cells

  • Function of goblet cells in epithelium

    Secrete mucin to produce mucus

  • Function of lacteals in the small intestine

    Pick up lipids absorbed through the intestinal wall

  • Pathway of bile after leaving the gallbladder

    Cystic duct > common bile duct > duodenum

  • Muscle type making up the bulk of the tongue

    Skeletal muscle

  • Location of palatine and lingual tonsils

    Oropharynx

  • Cartilage known as Adam's Apple

    Thyroid cartilage

  • Opening of the larynx

    Glottis

  • Type of epithelium lining the descending colon

    Simple columnar epithelium

  • Function of parietal cells in the stomach

    Secrete hydrochloric acid

  • Serous membrane sheets holding the digestive tract in place

    Mesenteries