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Anatomy & Physiology: Skeletal and Nervous System Essentials

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Terms in this set (29)

  • Frontal Bone
    The bone forming the forehead and the upper part of the eye sockets.
  • Sagittal Suture
    The fibrous joint connecting the two parietal bones of the skull.
  • Mastoid Process
    A bony projection of the temporal bone located behind the ear.
  • Foramen Magnum
    The large opening at the base of the skull through which the spinal cord passes.
  • C1 (Atlas)
    The first cervical vertebra that supports the skull and allows nodding motion.
  • Dens (C2 only)
    A tooth-like projection on the axis (C2) that allows head rotation.
  • True Ribs
    The first seven pairs of ribs that attach directly to the sternum via costal cartilage.
  • Xiphoid Process
    The small, cartilaginous lower tip of the sternum.
  • Acetabulum
    The deep socket in the hip bone that receives the head of the femur.
  • Coracoid Process
    A hook-like bony projection on the scapula serving as an attachment point for muscles.
  • Greater Tubercle of Humerus
    A large lateral projection on the humerus for muscle attachment.
  • Olecranon Fossa
    A depression on the posterior humerus that accommodates the olecranon of the ulna.
  • Scaphoid
    A carpal bone located near the base of the thumb in the wrist.
  • Fovea Capitis
    A small pit on the head of the femur for ligament attachment.
  • Medial Cuneiform
    A tarsal bone located on the medial side of the foot.
  • Orbicularis Oculi
    A muscle that encircles the eye and allows blinking and squinting.
  • Deltoid Muscle
    The thick, triangular shoulder muscle responsible for arm abduction.
  • Rectus Femoris
    A quadriceps muscle that extends the knee and flexes the hip.
  • External Obliques
    Muscles on the lateral sides of the abdomen that help rotate the trunk.
  • Corpus Callosum
    A thick band of nerve fibers connecting the two cerebral hemispheres.
  • Thalamus
    A brain structure that relays sensory and motor signals to the cerebral cortex.
  • Pons
    Part of the brainstem involved in motor control and sensory analysis.
  • Arbor Vitae
    The tree-like white matter structure inside the cerebellum.
  • Optic Chiasma
    The X-shaped structure where optic nerves partially cross.
  • Dorsal Root Ganglion
    A cluster of sensory neuron cell bodies located on the dorsal root of a spinal nerve.
  • Ventral Horn
    The front column of gray matter in the spinal cord containing motor neurons.
  • External Acoustic Meatus
    The ear canal leading to the eardrum.
  • Jugular Notch
    A visible dip at the superior border of the manubrium of the sternum.
  • Ischium
    The lower, posterior part of the hip bone that supports body weight when sitting.