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Anatomy & Physiology: Skeletal System Key Terms

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Terms in this set (27)

  • Skull region components
    The skull region consists of the cranium and the facial skeleton.
  • Hyoid bone
    A U-shaped bone in the neck that supports the tongue and is not directly attached to other bones.
  • Sagittal suture
    The suture that connects the two parietal bones along the midline of the skull.
  • Coronal suture
    The suture that connects the frontal bone to the two parietal bones.
  • Lambdoid suture
    The suture that connects the occipital bone to the parietal bones.
  • Squamous suture
    The suture that connects the temporal bone to the parietal bone.
  • Major sinuses of the skull
    Include the maxillary, frontal, ethmoidal, and sphenoidal sinuses.
  • Frontal bone feature
    Contains the supraorbital foramen, an opening above the eye socket for nerves and vessels.
  • Temporal bone key processes
    Includes the external acoustic meatus, mastoid process, styloid process, zygomatic process, and forms the zygomatic arch.
  • Occipital bone features
    Contains the foramen magnum for the spinal cord and occipital condyles for articulation with the atlas.
  • Sphenoid bone notable structure
    Includes the sella turcica, a saddle-shaped depression that houses the pituitary gland.
  • Ethmoid bone important parts
    Contains the cribriform plates, perpendicular plate, superior and middle nasal conchae, and crista galli.
  • Maxillae features
    Have alveolar processes for teeth and palatine processes forming part of the hard palate.
  • Mandible key parts
    Includes the ramus, mandibular condyle, coronoid process, alveolar process, mandibular foramen, and mental foramen.
  • Fontanels of the skull
    Soft spots in infants: anterior (frontal), posterior (lambdoidal), antero-lateral (sphenoidal), and postero-lateral (mastoid) fontanels.
  • Vertebra parts
    Include the body, pedicles, laminae, spinous process, transverse process, vertebral foramen, facets, and superior and inferior articular processes.
  • Atlas and Axis distinctive features
    The atlas supports the skull; the axis has the dens for head rotation.
  • Rib types
    True ribs attach directly to the sternum; false ribs attach indirectly; floating ribs have no anterior attachment.
  • Sternum parts
    Consists of the manubrium, body, and xiphoid process.
  • Pectoral girdle bones
    Includes the clavicles and scapulae with features like spine, acromion, coracoid process, and glenoid cavity.
  • Humerus key landmarks
    Features include the head, greater and lesser tubercles, anatomical and surgical necks, deltoid tuberosity, capitulum, trochlea, and epicondyles.
  • Pelvic girdle bones and features
    Includes ilium (iliac crest, spines, greater sciatic notch), ischium (spines, tuberosity), and pubis (symphysis, arch), plus the acetabulum.
  • Differences between female and male pelvis
    Female pelvis is wider, shallower, and has a larger pelvic inlet and outlet compared to the male pelvis.
  • Femur important parts
    Includes the head, fovea capitis, neck, greater and lesser trochanters, linea aspera, medial and lateral condyles, and epicondyles.
  • Tibia key features
    Has condyles, tibial tuberosity, anterior crest, and medial malleolus.
  • Fibula key features
    Includes the head and lateral malleolus.
  • Tarsal bones
    Seven bones: talus, calcaneus, navicular, cuboid, lateral, intermediate, and medial cuneiforms.