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Appendicular Skeleton Anatomy & Physiology

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  • Number of bones in the appendicular skeleton

    126 bones make up the appendicular skeleton.

  • Primary function of the appendicular skeleton

    Movement and manipulation of objects.

  • Components of the appendicular skeleton

    Limbs and girdles (pectoral and pelvic).

  • Another name for the pectoral girdle

    Shoulder girdle.

  • Bones of the pectoral girdle

    Clavicle (2) and scapula (2).

  • Only bony connection of the pectoral girdle to the axial skeleton

    Clavicle connects to the manubrium.

  • Shape of the clavicle

    S-shaped bone.

  • Clavicle origin at sternal end

    Originates at the manubrium.

  • Clavicle articulation at acromial end

    Articulates with the scapula.

  • Shape of the scapula

    Flat triangle.

  • Name of the shoulder socket on the scapula

    Glenoid cavity.

  • Type of shoulder joint

    Ball-and-socket joint.

  • Coracoid process of scapula

    Anterior projection of the scapula.

  • Acromion of scapula

    Posterior projection that connects to the clavicle.

  • Spine of scapula

    Divides the posterior surface of the scapula.

  • Bone of the upper arm

    Humerus.

  • Humerus head articulates with

    Articulates with the scapula.

  • Location of the greater tubercle on the humerus

    Lateral side of the humerus.

  • Location of the lesser tubercle on the humerus

    Medial side of the humerus.

  • Function of the deltoid tuberosity

    Site for muscle attachment.

  • Capitulum of humerus articulates with

    Articulates with the radius.

  • Trochlea of humerus articulates with

    Articulates with the ulna.

  • Olecranon fossa location

    Posterior depression on the humerus.

  • Forearm anatomical term

    Antebrachium.

  • Forearm bones

    Ulna (medial) and radius (lateral).

  • Olecranon

    The elbow bone projection on the ulna.

  • Coronoid process

    Anterior part of the elbow on the ulna.

  • Ulna articulates with humerus via

    Trochlea.

  • Lateral forearm bone

    Radius.

  • Radial head articulates with

    Articulates with the capitulum of the humerus.

  • Number of carpal bones in the hand

    8 carpal bones.

  • Mnemonic for carpal bones

    “Sam Likes To Push The Toy Car Hard”.

  • Number of metacarpals

    5 metacarpals.

  • Number of phalanges in the hand

    14 phalanges.

  • Pelvic girdle composition

    Made of 2 coxal bones.

  • Three fused bones of the coxal bone

    Ilium, ischium, and pubis.

  • Hip socket name

    Acetabulum.

  • Pubic symphysis

    Where the pubic bones meet.

  • Thigh bone

    Femur.

  • Kneecap bone

    Patella.

  • Femur head articulates with

    Articulates with the acetabulum.

  • Trochanters on femur

    Sites for muscle attachment.

  • Weight-bearing bone of the leg

    Tibia.

  • Smaller lateral bone of the leg

    Fibula.

  • Number of tarsal bones in the foot

    7 tarsal bones.

  • Function of the talus

    Receives weight from the tibia.

  • Calcaneus bone

    Heel bone.

  • Big toe anatomical name

    Hallux.

  • Number of phalanges in the big toe

    2 phalanges.

  • Number of phalanges in other toes

    3 phalanges each.

  • Function of the longitudinal arch of the foot

    Shock absorption.

  • Function of the transverse arch of the foot

    Side-to-side curve of the foot.