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Appendicular Skeleton and Articulations - Anatomy & Physiology

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Terms in this set (20)

  • What are the main differences between male and female pelvis?
    Female pelvis is wider, shallower, lighter, and has a larger pelvic inlet and outlet for childbirth. Male pelvis is narrower, deeper, heavier, and has a smaller pelvic inlet and outlet.
  • Define the term 'clavicle'.
    The clavicle is a collarbone that acts as a strut between the scapula and sternum, providing support and stability to the shoulder.
  • What is the function of the scapula?
    The scapula is a flat, triangular bone that connects the humerus with the clavicle and provides attachment points for muscles.
  • Describe the humerus bone.
    The humerus is the long bone of the upper arm, extending from the shoulder to the elbow.
  • What bones make up the forearm?
    The forearm consists of the radius and ulna, which run parallel from the elbow to the wrist.
  • Define the term 'pelvis'.
    The pelvis is a basin-shaped complex of bones that connects the trunk and the legs, supports the spinal column, and protects abdominal organs.
  • What are the three parts of the pelvic bone?
    The pelvic bone consists of the ilium, ischium, and pubis.
  • Describe the femur.
    The femur is the longest and strongest bone in the body, located in the thigh.
  • What bones form the knee joint?
    The knee joint is formed by the femur, tibia, and patella.
  • Define the tibia and its function.
    The tibia is the shinbone, the larger and medial bone of the lower leg, bearing most of the body's weight.
  • What is the fibula?
    The fibula is the slender lateral bone of the lower leg, providing muscle attachment but not weight-bearing.
  • Name the bones of the foot.
    The foot consists of the tarsals, metatarsals, and phalanges.
  • What is the function of the patella?
    The patella or kneecap protects the knee joint and improves leverage of the thigh muscles.
  • Define articulation in anatomy.
    An articulation is a joint where two or more bones meet, allowing for movement and flexibility.
  • What are the three types of joints based on movement?
    Synarthroses (immovable), amphiarthroses (slightly movable), and diarthroses (freely movable).
  • Give an example of a synovial joint.
    The shoulder joint is a synovial joint, characterized by a fluid-filled cavity allowing free movement.
  • What movements are possible at the shoulder joint?
    Movements include flexion, extension, abduction, adduction, rotation, and circumduction.
  • Define flexion and extension.
    Flexion decreases the angle between bones; extension increases the angle.
  • What is abduction and adduction?
    Abduction moves a limb away from the midline; adduction moves it toward the midline.
  • Describe the difference between male and female pelvic inlet shape.
    The female pelvic inlet is wider and more circular; the male pelvic inlet is narrower and heart-shaped.