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Axial Skeleton Anatomy & Physiology Flashcards

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Terms in this set (20)

  • What are the three cranial fossae of the skull?

    The anterior, middle, and posterior cranial fossae are the three depressions in the floor of the cranial base that house different parts of the brain.

  • Name the bone that contains the mental foramen, mental protuberance, and mandibular condyle.

    The mandible contains the mental foramen, mental protuberance, mandibular angle, mandibular ramus, mandibular notch, coronoid process, mandibular condyle, and submandibular fossa.

  • Which bone has the temporal process and contributes to the zygomatic arch?

    The zygomatic bone has the temporal process that helps form the zygomatic arch.

  • List key features of the temporal bone related to the skull's lateral aspect.

    The temporal bone includes the zygomatic process, zygomatic arch, mandibular fossa, external acoustic meatus, carotid canal, jugular foramen, styloid process, mastoid process, and foramen lacerum.

  • What are the important features of the occipital bone?

    The occipital bone has the external occipital protuberance, superior and inferior nuchal lines, occipital condyles, hypoglossal canal, and the foramen magnum.

  • Identify the main parts of the sphenoid bone.

    The sphenoid bone includes the greater wing, lesser wing, foramen spinosum, foramen ovale, sella turcica, optic canal, superior orbital fissure, and inferior orbital fissure.

  • What are the key structures of the ethmoid bone?

    The ethmoid bone contains the crista galli and the cribriform plate.

  • Which bone contains the supraorbital foramen and glabella?

    The frontal bone contains the supraorbital foramen and the glabella.

  • Name the bone that contains the infraorbital foramen and alveolar margin.

    The maxilla contains the infraorbital foramen and the alveolar margin/process.

  • What are the three types of ribs and their characteristics?

    True ribs attach directly to the sternum, false ribs attach indirectly or not at all, and floating ribs have no anterior attachment.

  • List the main structural parts of a rib.

    A rib has a head, neck, tubercle, and a costal groove.

  • How many cervical vertebrae are there and what are the special names for C1 and C2?

    There are 7 cervical vertebrae. C1 is called the atlas and C2 is called the axis.

  • Name the general structures found on a typical vertebra.

    Typical vertebrae have a body, spinous process, transverse processes, superior and inferior articular facets, vertebral foramen, and lamina.

  • What is the function of the foramen magnum in the occipital bone?

    The foramen magnum allows passage of the spinal cord from the brainstem to the vertebral canal.

  • Where is the sella turcica located and what does it house?

    The sella turcica is a depression in the sphenoid bone that houses the pituitary gland.

  • What is the significance of the crista galli in the ethmoid bone?

    The crista galli serves as an attachment point for the falx cerebri, a membrane that separates the brain hemispheres.

  • Which bone contains the external acoustic meatus?

    The temporal bone contains the external acoustic meatus, the ear canal opening.

  • What is the mandibular fossa and which bone contains it?

    The mandibular fossa is a depression in the temporal bone that articulates with the mandibular condyle.

  • Describe the location and function of the hypoglossal canal.

    The hypoglossal canal is in the occipital bone and transmits the hypoglossal nerve (cranial nerve XII) controlling tongue movement.

  • What is the zygomatic arch composed of?

    The zygomatic arch is formed by the zygomatic process of the temporal bone and the temporal process of the zygomatic bone.