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Axial Skeleton and Bone Landmarks

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Terms in this set (20)

  • What bones make up the axial skeleton?

    The axial skeleton includes the skull, vertebral column, rib cage, and sternum.

  • What is the function of the axial skeleton?

    It provides support and protection for the brain, spinal cord, and thoracic organs.

  • Name the three main parts of the sternum.

    The manubrium, body, and xiphoid process.

  • What is the vertebral column composed of?

    It is composed of 33 vertebrae divided into cervical, thoracic, lumbar, sacral, and coccygeal regions.

  • Identify a key landmark of the temporal bone.

    The mastoid process is a prominent landmark of the temporal bone.

  • What is the function of the rib cage?

    The rib cage protects the heart and lungs and supports the upper body.

  • Name the seven cervical vertebrae characteristic feature.

    Cervical vertebrae have transverse foramina for vertebral artery passage.

  • What is the significance of the occipital condyles?

    They articulate with the first cervical vertebra, allowing head movement.

  • Describe the difference between true ribs and false ribs.

    True ribs attach directly to the sternum; false ribs attach indirectly or not at all.

  • What landmark is found on the scapula and serves as a muscle attachment site?

    The acromion process is a key muscle attachment site on the scapula.

  • What is the function of the vertebral foramen?

    It forms the vertebral canal that houses the spinal cord.

  • Name the bone that forms the forehead.

    The frontal bone forms the forehead.

  • What is the sternal angle and why is it important?

    The sternal angle is the junction between the manubrium and body; it is a landmark for rib 2.

  • Which vertebrae have facets for rib articulation?

    Thoracic vertebrae have facets for rib articulation.

  • What is the function of the hyoid bone?

    The hyoid bone supports the tongue and is an attachment site for neck muscles.

  • Identify the landmark on the mandible used for muscle attachment.

    The coronoid process is a muscle attachment site on the mandible.

  • What is the role of the nasal bones?

    The nasal bones form the bridge of the nose.

  • Describe the function of the vertebral spinous process.

    It serves as a muscle and ligament attachment point.

  • What is the difference between the atlas and axis vertebrae?

    The atlas (C1) supports the skull; the axis (C2) has the dens for head rotation.

  • Name the bone that forms the lower jaw.

    The mandible forms the lower jaw.