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Axial Skeleton and Shoulder Girdle Anatomy

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Terms in this set (38)

  • Cervical vertebrae
    The seven vertebrae in the neck region, labeled C1 to C7.
  • Thoracic vertebrae
    The twelve vertebrae in the mid-back region that articulate with ribs.
  • Lumbar vertebrae
    The five large vertebrae in the lower back region.
  • Sacral vertebrae
    Five fused vertebrae forming the sacrum, part of the pelvis.
  • Sacrum
    A triangular bone at the base of the spine formed by fused sacral vertebrae.
  • Coccyx
    The small tailbone formed by fused vertebrae at the base of the sacrum.
  • C1 (Atlas)
    The first cervical vertebra that supports the skull and allows nodding.
  • C2 (Axis)
    The second cervical vertebra with the dens, allowing head rotation.
  • C7 vertebra
    The seventh cervical vertebra, known for its prominent spinous process.
  • Vertebral body
    The thick, disc-shaped anterior portion of a vertebra that bears weight.
  • Dens
    A tooth-like projection on C2 (Axis) that acts as a pivot for head rotation.
  • Spinous process
    The bony projection off the posterior of each vertebra for muscle attachment.
  • Transverse process
    Lateral bony projections on vertebrae for muscle and rib attachment.
  • Superior articular process
    The upward-facing projection of a vertebra that forms joints with the vertebra above.
  • Inferior articular process
    The downward-facing projection of a vertebra that forms joints with the vertebra below.
  • Vertebral foramen
    The central opening in a vertebra through which the spinal cord passes.
  • Frontal bone
    The bone forming the forehead and upper part of the eye sockets.
  • Mandible
    The lower jawbone, the only movable bone of the skull.
  • Occipital bone
    The bone forming the back and base of the skull.
  • Sphenoid bone
    A butterfly-shaped bone at the base of the skull, behind the eyes.
  • Vomer
    A thin bone forming part of the nasal septum.
  • Zygomatic bone
    The cheekbone, forming part of the orbit of the eye.
  • Nasal bone
    The small bones forming the bridge of the nose.
  • Maxilla
    The upper jawbone that holds the upper teeth and forms part of the nose and eye sockets.
  • Temporal bone
    The bone on the side of the skull near the ear.
  • Parietal bone
    The paired bones forming the sides and roof of the skull.
  • Manubrium
    The broad upper part of the sternum.
  • Body of sternum
    The long, central part of the sternum below the manubrium.
  • Xiphoid process
    The small, cartilaginous lower tip of the sternum.
  • Rib
    Curved bones that form the thoracic cage protecting the chest organs.
  • Clavicle
    The collarbone connecting the sternum to the scapula.
  • Scapula
    The shoulder blade, a flat triangular bone on the back.
  • Glenoid fossa
    The shallow socket on the scapula that articulates with the humerus.
  • Coracoid process
    A hook-like projection on the scapula for muscle attachment.
  • Acromion process
    The bony projection on the scapula forming the highest point of the shoulder.
  • Spine of scapula
    A prominent ridge running across the posterior scapula.
  • Posterior scapula
    The back surface of the scapula where the spine is located.
  • Anterior scapula
    The front surface of the scapula facing the ribs.