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Cell Types and Tissue Types in Anatomy & Physiology

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Terms in this set (20)

  • What are the four main types of tissues in the human body?

    Epithelial, connective, muscle, and nervous tissues.

  • What is the primary function of epithelial tissue?

    To cover body surfaces and line body cavities, providing protection and selective permeability.

  • Name a key characteristic of connective tissue.

    It has an abundant extracellular matrix that supports and connects other tissues.

  • What are the three types of muscle tissue?

    Skeletal, cardiac, and smooth muscle tissues.

  • What is the main function of nervous tissue?

    To transmit electrical signals for communication and control within the body.

  • What type of cell is primarily found in skeletal muscle tissue?

    Long, multinucleated muscle fibers specialized for voluntary movement.

  • What distinguishes cardiac muscle tissue from skeletal muscle tissue?

    Cardiac muscle cells are branched, connected by intercalated discs, and involuntary.

  • What is the role of connective tissue in the body?

    To support, bind, protect, and store energy in various forms.

  • Name a type of connective tissue.

    Examples include bone, cartilage, blood, and adipose tissue.

  • What is the function of adipose tissue?

    To store energy as fat and provide insulation and cushioning.

  • What type of epithelial tissue lines blood vessels?

    Simple squamous epithelium, also called endothelium.

  • What is the difference between simple and stratified epithelial tissue?

    Simple has one cell layer; stratified has multiple layers for protection.

  • What type of tissue connects muscles to bones?

    Tendons,

  • What type of tissue connects bones to bones?

    Ligaments, composed of dense connective tissue.

  • What is the extracellular matrix composed of in connective tissue?

    Protein fibers like collagen and elastin, plus ground substance.

  • Which tissue type contains neurons and supporting glial cells?

    Nervous tissue.

  • What is the function of glial cells in nervous tissue?

    To support, protect, and nourish neurons.

  • What type of muscle tissue is involuntary and found in walls of hollow organs?

    Smooth muscle tissue.

  • What is the main characteristic of skeletal muscle cells?

    They are voluntary and striated.

  • What is the function of cartilage in connective tissue?

    To provide flexible support and reduce friction in joints.