Skip to main content
Back

chapter 10

Control buttons has been changed to "navigation" mode.
1/14

Terms in this set (14)

  • Axial vs. appendicular muscle function

    Axial muscles position and stabilize the head, neck, and trunk and assist breathing. Appendicular muscles move and stabilize limbs and girdles. Example: trapezius is appendicular.

  • Four fascicle arrangements

    The four fascicle arrangements are parallel, convergent, pennate, and circular.

  • Pennate vs. parallel muscle force and excursion

    Pennate muscles fit more fibers in the same volume, producing more force but less excursion. Parallel muscles have less force but greater excursion.

  • Lever terms in muscle mechanics

    Lever: rigid rotating bone. Fulcrum: joint. Effort: muscle force. Load: resistance.

  • Lever classes and example of biceps curl

    Biceps curl is a third-class lever: fulcrum at elbow, effort by biceps, load is weight. Third class favors speed and range over force.

  • Origin, insertion, and action of muscles

    Origin: fixed end, usually proximal. Insertion: movable end. Action: movement produced by the muscle.

  • Muscle roles: agonist, antagonist, synergist, fixator

    Agonist: prime mover (e.g., biceps). Antagonist: opposes agonist (e.g., triceps). Synergist: assists agonist (e.g., brachioradialis). Fixator: stabilizes joint or origin.

  • Role switch of triceps and biceps during extension

    During extension, triceps becomes the agonist and biceps becomes the antagonist; their roles switch.

  • Meaning of muscle name: Rectus abdominis

    Rectus abdominis means straight muscle of the abdomen.

  • Meaning of muscle name: Orbicularis oris

    Orbicularis oris means circular muscle around the mouth.

  • Meaning of muscle name: Triceps brachii

    Triceps brachii means three-headed muscle of the arm.

  • Meaning of muscle name: Extensor digitorum

    Extensor digitorum means muscle that extends the digits (fingers).

  • Meaning of muscle name: Flexor carpi radialis longus

    Flexor carpi radialis longus means long muscle that flexes the wrist on the radial (thumb) side.

  • Meaning of muscle terms: brevis, longus, maximus, vastus, deltoid, transversus

    Brevis: short; longus: long; maximus: largest; vastus: great; deltoid: triangular; transversus: across.