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Chapter 3: Cells and Tissues - Body Tissues

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Terms in this set (13)

  • 4 Main Tissue Types

    The four main tissue types in the human body are epithelial, connective, muscle, and nervous tissues, each with distinct structures and functions.

  • Difference between Simple and Stratified Epithelial Layers

    Simple epithelium has a single cell layer for absorption or filtration, while stratified epithelium has multiple layers for protection.

  • The Avascular Rule of Epithelial Tissue

    Epithelial tissue is avascular, meaning it has no blood vessels and receives nutrients and oxygen by diffusion from underlying connective tissue.

  • Difference Between Exocrine and Endocrine Glands

    Exocrine glands secrete products through ducts onto body surfaces or cavities; endocrine glands secrete hormones directly into the bloodstream without ducts.

  • Simple Squamous Epithelium

    Single layer of flat cells

    Located in alveoli of lungs and blood vessel linings; functions in diffusion and filtration.

  • Simple Cuboidal Epithelium

    Single layer of cube-shaped cells

    Found in kidney tubules and gland ducts; functions in secretion and absorption.

  • Simple Columnar Epithelium

    Single layer of tall, column-shaped cells

    Lines digestive tract; functions in absorption and secretion. Often contains goblet cells that secrete mucus.

  • Pseudostratified Columnar Epithelium

    Single layer, appears layered due to nuclei at different levels

    Lines respiratory tract; functions in secretion and movement of mucus by cilia.

  • Stratified Squamous Epithelium

    Multiple layers of flat cells

    Found in skin, mouth, and esophagus; provides protection against abrasion.

  • Transitional Epithelium

    Multiple layers, cells change shape when stretched

    Lines urinary bladder; allows stretching and distension without damage.

  • Goblet Cells in Epithelial Tissue

    Goblet cells are specialized epithelial cells that secrete mucus to lubricate and protect surfaces, commonly found in simple columnar and pseudostratified epithelia.

  • Cilia in Epithelial Tissue

    Cilia are hair-like projections on epithelial cells that move mucus and trapped particles, especially in the respiratory tract.

  • Basement Membrane in Epithelial Tissue

    The basement membrane is a thin, fibrous layer that anchors epithelial tissue to underlying connective tissue and regulates exchange of molecules.