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Chapter 7

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Terms in this set (59)

  • what is the axial skeleton? how many bones does it consist of?

    trunk of body, 80 bones

  • skull, vertebral column, thoracic cage

    apart of axial skeleton

  • what does the axial skeleton do?

    structural support, protect vital organs, attachment site for muscles

  • number of bones skull has

    22 (8 cranial, 14 facial)

  • bones associated with the skull (NOT THE MAIN BONES LIKE PARIETAL, ETC)

    6 auditory ossicles, 1 hyoid bone

  • thoracic cage consists of

    sternum and 24 ribs

  • vertebral column consists of

    24 vertebrae, sacrum, coccyx

  • cranium (brain case) function

    encases and protects brain

  • facial bones function

    forms structure of face

  • bones that make up cranium

    pair of parietal, temporal. single frontal, occiptial sphenoid, and ethmoid bones

  • sutures (definition)

    immobile joints that join bones together

  • parietal bones (what do they form?)

    form most of upper lateral side of skull

  • temporal bones (form?)

    lower lateral side of skull

  • what do the temporal bones include that serves as a muscle attachment site

    mastoid process

  • frontal bone (forms?)

    forms forehead and floor of anterior cranial cavity

  • occipital bone (forms and contains..?)

    forms posterior skull and base; foramen magnum (spinal cord exit)

  • sphenoid bone (forms? acts?)

    forms part of cranial floor and acts as a cross bridge

  • what do the sphenoid bones unite & house

    cranial and facial bones & houses sella turcica (pituitary gland)

  • ethmoid bone (forms?)

    anterior cranial floor, roof of nasal cavity, medial orbit wall

  • what do the ethmoid bones include

    cribriform plate (olfactory nerves), perpendicular plate (nasal septum), and crista galli (brain membrane attachment)

  • major sutures of skull

    coronal, sagittal, lambdoid, squamous

  • coronal suture "function"

    attaches frontal bone to parietal bones

  • sagittal "function"

    attaches right and left parietal bones

  • lambdoid "function"

    attaches occipital bone to parietal and temporal bones

  • squamous "function"

    attaches temporal bone to parietal bone

  • facial skeleton consists of ? ( bones names)

    paired maxillary, palatine, zygomatic, nasal, lacrimal, inferior nasal conchae, unpaired vomer and mandible

  • maxillae (form?)

    upper jaw, hard palate, medial floor of orbit, lateral base of nose

  • palatine bones (form)

    posterior portion of hard palate

  • zygomatic bones form

    cheekbones; lateral wall and margin of orbit

  • nasal bones (forms?)

    form bridge of nose

  • lacrimal bones form

    anterior, medial wall of orbit

  • inferior nasal conchae (what are they)

    thin, curved plates projecting into nasal cavity

  • vomer (forms?)

    forms posterior-inferior part of nasal septum

  • mandible (form + move?)

    forms lower jaw; ONLY moveable skull bone

  • what do foramina and processes serve in the skull?

    passageway for nerves, blood vessels, attachment site for muscle

  • foramen magnum (what is it)

    large opening for spinal cord

  • optic canal (what does it do)

    passageway for optic nerve

  • mandibular fossa (what does it connect to?)

    articulates with madnible (temporomandibular joint)

  • mental foramen (what is it)

    passageway for nerves from the chin and lips

  • what anchors the teeth? (socket)

    alveolar process

  • vertebral columns functions

    provides support, protects spinal cord, allows flexibility and movement

  • cervical vertebrae (C1-C7)

    located in neck

  • C1 (name, function)

    atlas, supports skull

  • C2 (name, function)

    axis, allow head movement

  • thoracic vertebrae (T1-T12)

    located in upper back & articulate w/ ribs

  • lumbar vertebrae (L1-L5) (characteristic aswell)

    located in lowerback, largest and bear most weight

  • sacrum (how is formed, part of?)

    formed by fusion of 5 vertebrae; part of pelvis

  • coccyx

    formed by fusion of 3-5 vertebrae; tailbone

  • what does each vertebra consist of

    vertebral body that is weight-bearing, vertebral arch, vertebral foramen, and processes

  • intevertebral disc

    fibrocartilage discs between vertebrae that absorbs shock

  • transverse & spinous processes

    muscle attachment sites

  • articular processes

    forms joints between vertebrae

  • thoracic cage functions

    protects vital organs and supports upper body

  • what does the thoracic body consist of

    sternum,12 pair of ribs, costal caerilages, and thoracic vertebrae

  • what makes up the sternum

    manubrium (superior), body (middle), and xiphoid process (inferior)

  • ribs (what are the bones like, articulate w?)

    elongate, curved bones; posteriorly articulate with thoracic vertebrae

  • true ribs (what numbers?)

    1-7; directly connect to sternum via costal cartilage

  • false ribs (numbers)

    8-10; indirectly connect to sternum via cartilage of rib 7

  • floating ribs (numbers)

    11-12; doesn't attach to sternum