BackCharacteristics of Cell Biology
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Terms in this set (20)
Cell biology is the study of the structure, function, and behavior of cells, the basic units of life.
Because all living organisms are composed of cells, and all life functions occur within cells.
Cell structure, cell function, cell metabolism, cell communication, and cell reproduction.
The cell membrane controls the movement of substances in and out of the cell, maintaining homeostasis.
Organelles are specialized structures within cells that perform distinct functions necessary for cell survival and activity.
Cell biology provides the foundation for understanding the structure (anatomy) and function (physiology) of tissues and organs.
Cell metabolism refers to all chemical reactions within a cell that provide energy and build cellular components.
Cell communication allows cells to coordinate activities and respond to their environment.
Cell reproduction involves mitosis for growth and repair, and meiosis for sexual reproduction.
By regulating internal conditions through selective permeability of the membrane and feedback mechanisms.
The cytoplasm is the gel-like substance inside the cell where organelles are suspended and metabolic reactions occur.
The nucleus contains genetic material and controls cell activities by regulating gene expression.
Mitochondria generate energy through cellular respiration, producing ATP for cellular functions.
The ER is involved in protein and lipid synthesis; rough ER has ribosomes, smooth ER does not.
Ribosomes synthesize proteins by translating messenger RNA.
The Golgi apparatus modifies, sorts, and packages proteins and lipids for transport.
Lysosomes contain enzymes that digest cellular waste and foreign materials.
The cytoskeleton provides structural support, shape, and facilitates cell movement.
Cells adapt by changing their metabolism, structure, or function in response to external stimuli.
Understanding cell biology helps explain disease mechanisms and develop medical treatments.