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Classification of Bone and Cartilage Structure

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Terms in this set (20)

  • What are the two main types of bone tissue?

    Compact bone and spongy bone are the two main types of bone tissue.

  • Describe the structure of compact bone.

    Compact bone is dense and solid, forming the outer layer of bones, providing strength and protection.

  • What is spongy bone and where is it found?

    Spongy bone is porous and lightweight, found inside bones, especially at the ends of long bones and in flat bones.

  • Name the three types of cartilage.

    Hyaline cartilage, elastic cartilage, and fibrocartilage are the three types of cartilage.

  • What is hyaline cartilage and its function?

    Hyaline cartilage is the most common type, providing smooth surfaces for joint movement and support in respiratory structures.

  • Where is elastic cartilage found and what is its function?

    Elastic cartilage is found in the ear and epiglottis; it provides flexibility and maintains shape.

  • Describe fibrocartilage and its role.

    Fibrocartilage is tough and dense, found in intervertebral discs and menisci, providing shock absorption and support.

  • What is the primary function of bone tissue?

    Bone tissue provides structural support, protection, mineral storage, and houses bone marrow for blood cell production.

  • How is cartilage different from bone in terms of vascularity?

    Cartilage is avascular (lacks blood vessels), while bone is highly vascularized.

  • What type of bone tissue contains osteons?

    Compact bone contains osteons, which are structural units that provide strength.

  • What is the role of the extracellular matrix in bone?

    The extracellular matrix in bone is mineralized with calcium phosphate, giving bones their hardness and strength.

  • Which cartilage type is most abundant in the body?

    Hyaline cartilage is the most abundant cartilage type in the body.

  • What cells produce cartilage matrix?

    Chondrocytes produce and maintain the cartilage matrix.

  • What is the periosteum?

    The periosteum is a dense connective tissue layer covering bone surfaces, involved in growth and repair.

  • How does spongy bone contribute to bone function?

    Spongy bone reduces bone weight and contains red bone marrow for blood cell production.

  • What is the main component of cartilage matrix?

    The cartilage matrix is mainly composed of collagen fibers and proteoglycans.

  • Which bone cells are responsible for bone resorption?

    Osteoclasts are responsible for bone resorption, breaking down bone tissue.

  • Which bone cells build new bone tissue?

    Osteoblasts build new bone tissue by producing the bone matrix.

  • What is the function of the endosteum?

    The endosteum lines the inner surfaces of bone cavities and participates in bone growth and remodeling.

  • How does elastic cartilage differ from hyaline cartilage structurally?

    Elastic cartilage contains more elastic fibers, making it more flexible than hyaline cartilage.