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Histology and Integumentary System

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Terms in this set (20)

  • What is histology?

    Histology is the study of the microscopic structure of tissues.

  • What are the four basic tissue types in the human body?

    Epithelial, connective, muscle, and nervous tissues.

  • What is the primary function of epithelial tissue?

    To cover body surfaces, line cavities, and form glands for protection, absorption, and secretion.

  • Name the layers of the epidermis from superficial to deep.

    Stratum corneum, stratum lucidum (only in thick skin), stratum granulosum, stratum spinosum, and stratum basale.

  • What is the main function of the integumentary system?

    To protect the body from external damage, regulate temperature, and provide sensory information.

  • What type of tissue makes up the dermis?

    Connective tissue, primarily dense irregular connective tissue.

  • What cells produce melanin in the skin?

    Melanocytes produce melanin, the pigment responsible for skin color.

  • What is the role of keratinocytes?

    They produce keratin, a protein that strengthens the skin and makes it waterproof.

  • What is the hypodermis composed of?

    Primarily adipose tissue and loose connective tissue, providing insulation and cushioning.

  • Name two types of sweat glands in the integumentary system.

    Eccrine glands (for thermoregulation) and apocrine glands (associated with hair follicles).

  • What is the function of sebaceous glands?

    To secrete sebum, an oily substance that lubricates and waterproofs the skin and hair.

  • Which layer of the skin contains blood vessels?

    The dermis contains blood vessels that nourish the skin.

  • What type of connective tissue is found in the papillary layer of the dermis?

    Loose connective tissue with collagen and elastin fibers.

  • What is the function of Langerhans cells?

    They act as immune cells in the epidermis, detecting and fighting pathogens.

  • What is the significance of the stratum basale?

    It contains stem cells that continuously divide to produce new keratinocytes.

  • How does the integumentary system contribute to temperature regulation?

    Through sweat production and blood vessel dilation or constriction in the dermis.

  • What is the role of collagen in the skin?

    To provide strength and structural support to the dermis.

  • What type of muscle is associated with hair follicles?

    The arrector pili muscle, which causes hair to stand up.

  • What is the function of the stratum corneum?

    It forms a tough, protective outer layer of dead keratinized cells.

  • What is the difference between thick and thin skin?

    Thick skin has a stratum lucidum and is found on palms and soles; thin skin lacks this layer and covers most of the body.