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Histology and Integumentary System - Anatomy & Physiology

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Terms in this set (23)

  • What are the two main components of the extracellular matrix in connective tissue?
    Protein fibers and ground substance.
  • Name the three types of protein fibers found in connective tissue.
    Reticular fibers, collagen fibers, and elastic fibers.
  • What is the primary function of fibroblasts in connective tissue?
    Fibroblasts are responsible for producing the extracellular matrix.
  • Differentiate between loose and dense connective tissue proper.
    Loose connective tissue has fewer fibers widely spaced, while dense connective tissue has numerous tightly packed fibers.
  • Where is areolar connective tissue commonly found?
    Between muscles, surrounding blood vessels and nerves, and within the dermis.
  • What characterizes reticular connective tissue?
    A 3-D interlocking network of reticular fibers forming a stroma framework for support.
  • What is the main function of adipose connective tissue?
    Storage of lipid molecules in specialized cells called adipocytes.
  • Where is dense regular connective tissue found?
    In tendons, aponeuroses, and most ligaments.
  • How does dense irregular connective tissue differ from dense regular connective tissue?
    Dense irregular connective tissue has collagen fibers arranged irregularly to withstand forces from many directions.
  • What is a key feature of hyaline cartilage connective tissue?
    Dense network of collagen fibers in a gel-like matrix with chondrocytes in lacunae.
  • Where is elastic cartilage found?
    Auricle of the ear and epiglottis.
  • What gives fibrocartilage its tensile strength?
    Numerous bundles of collagen fibers within the matrix.
  • What is the structural unit of dense bone connective tissue?
    The osteon or Haversian system.
  • What are the three formed elements of blood connective tissue?
    Leukocytes (white blood cells), erythrocytes (red blood cells), and platelets.
  • Name the three main components of a neuron.
    Perikaryon (cell body), axons, and dendrites.
  • What are the two main layers of the skin?
    The epidermis (keratinized stratified squamous epithelium) and the dermis (connective tissue).
  • What is the hypodermis composed of?
    Adipose and areolar connective tissues.
  • Name two types of tactile receptors in the skin.
    Lamellated (Pacinian) corpuscles and Tactile (Meissner’s) corpuscles.
  • What are the two types of sweat glands in the integumentary system?
    Apocrine and eccrine sweat glands.
  • List the layers of the epidermis from superficial to deep.
    Stratum corneum, stratum lucidum, stratum granulosum, stratum spinosum, stratum basale.
  • What is the function of the arrector pili muscle?
    To contract and cause hair to stand up, producing 'goosebumps'.
  • What structures are found in the hair follicle?
    Hair shaft (cortex, medulla, cuticle), hair root, hair bulb, and hair papilla.
  • What is the role of sebaceous glands?
    To secrete sebum, an oily substance that lubricates hair and skin.