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Muscular System High-Yield Flashcards

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  • Muscular system consists of what type of muscle?

    Skeletal muscle

  • 4 types of fascicle arrangement?

    Parallel, convergent, pennate, circular

  • Parallel muscles?

    Fibers run parallel (most common)

  • Convergent muscles?

    Fibers run from broad to narrow

  • Pennate muscles?

    More powerful due to more fibers

  • Circular muscles?

    Function as sphincters

  • Origin of a muscle?

    Fixed attachment point

  • Insertion of a muscle?

    Moves during contraction

  • Agonist muscle role?

    Prime mover of an action

  • Antagonist muscle role?

    Opposes the movement

  • Synergist muscle role?

    Assists the prime mover

  • Meaning of 'Rectus' in muscle naming?

    Straight muscle fibers

  • Meaning of 'Transversus' in muscle naming?

    Horizontal muscle fibers

  • Meaning of 'Oblique' in muscle naming?

    Diagonal muscle fibers

  • Axial muscles include?

    Muscles of the head, neck, and trunk

  • Appendicular muscles include?

    Muscles of the limbs

  • Function of Occipitofrontalis?

    Raises eyebrows

  • Function of Orbicularis oris?

    Closes lips ("kissing" muscle)

  • Function of Buccinator?

    Compresses cheeks

  • Function of Zygomaticus?

    Produces a smile

  • Function of Orbicularis oculi?

    Closes the eye

  • Superior rectus muscle action?

    Moves eye up

  • Inferior rectus muscle action?

    Moves eye down

  • Medial rectus muscle action?

    Moves eye medially

  • Lateral rectus muscle action?

    Moves eye laterally

  • Superior oblique muscle action?

    Moves eye down and laterally

  • Inferior oblique muscle action?

    Moves eye up and laterally

  • Masseter muscle function?

    Closes the jaw

  • Temporalis muscle function?

    Elevates the mandible

  • Sternocleidomastoid muscle function?

    Flexes the neck

  • Erector spinae muscle function?

    Extends the spine

  • Rectus abdominis muscle function?

    Flexes the spine

  • Oblique muscles function?

    Rotate and compress the abdomen

  • Diaphragm muscle function?

    Primary muscle for breathing

  • Deltoid muscle function?

    Abducts the arm

  • Pectoralis major muscle function?

    Flexes and adducts the arm

  • Latissimus dorsi muscle function?

    Extends the arm

  • 4 rotator cuff muscles?

    Supraspinatus, Infraspinatus, Teres minor, Subscapularis

  • Biceps brachii muscle function?

    Flexes and supinates the forearm

  • Triceps brachii muscle function?

    Extends the forearm

  • Brachialis muscle function?

    Main flexor of the forearm

  • Pronator teres muscle function?

    Pronates the forearm

  • Supinator muscle function?

    Supinates the forearm

  • Flexor carpi muscles function?

    Flex the hand

  • Extensor carpi muscles function?

    Extend the hand

  • Extensor digitorum muscle function?

    Extends the fingers

  • Flexor digitorum muscle function?

    Flexes the fingers

  • Gluteus maximus muscle function?

    Extends the thigh

  • Gluteus medius and minimus function?

    Abduct the thigh

  • Strongest jaw muscle?

    Masseter

  • Main arm abductor?

    Deltoid