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Respiratory System Structures and Functions

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Terms in this set (19)

  • Trachea
    A tube that connects the larynx to the bronchi, allowing air passage to the lungs.
  • Larynx
    Also called the voice box; it produces sound and routes air and food into the proper channels.
  • Bronchi
    Two main branches from the trachea that lead air into each lung.
  • Bronchioles
    Smaller branches of the bronchi that distribute air throughout the lungs.
  • Alveoli
    Tiny air sacs where gas exchange occurs between air and blood.
  • Nasal cavity
    Warms, moistens, and filters air entering the respiratory system.
  • Pharynx
    Passageway for air and food; connects nasal cavity to larynx and esophagus.
  • Diaphragm
    Primary muscle of respiration that contracts to expand the thoracic cavity for inhalation.
  • Epiglottis
    Flap that covers the trachea during swallowing to prevent food from entering the airway.
  • Function of the trachea
    Provides a clear airway for air to enter and exit the lungs.
  • Function of the larynx
    Produces sound and protects the lower respiratory tract.
  • Function of the bronchi
    Distributes air to each lung.
  • Function of the alveoli
    Facilitates oxygen and carbon dioxide exchange with the blood.
  • Function of the diaphragm
    Contracts to increase lung volume and cause inhalation.
  • Major respiratory structures identifiable on fetal pig
    Includes trachea, bronchi, lungs, diaphragm, and larynx.
  • Major respiratory structures identifiable on human models
    Includes nasal cavity, pharynx, larynx, trachea, bronchi, bronchioles, alveoli, and diaphragm.
  • Role of the nasal cavity in respiration
    Filters, warms, and humidifies incoming air.
  • Role of the pharynx in respiration
    Serves as a pathway for air from the nasal cavity to the larynx.
  • Role of the epiglottis
    Prevents food from entering the respiratory tract during swallowing.