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Skeletal System and Pelvic Girdle - Anatomy & Physiology

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Terms in this set (20)

  • What are the main functions of the skeletal system?

    The skeletal system provides support, protection, movement, mineral storage, blood cell production, and fat storage.

  • What bones make up the axial skeleton?

    The axial skeleton includes the skull, vertebral column, rib cage, and sternum.

  • What bones make up the appendicular skeleton?

    The appendicular skeleton consists of the pectoral girdle, upper limbs, pelvic girdle, and lower limbs.

  • What is the pelvic girdle composed of?

    The pelvic girdle is formed by two hip bones (coxal bones), each made of the ilium, ischium, and pubis.

  • What is the function of the pelvic girdle?

    The pelvic girdle supports the weight of the upper body, protects pelvic organs, and provides attachment points for lower limbs.

  • Describe the ilium bone.

    The ilium is the largest, uppermost part of the hip bone, featuring the iliac crest for muscle attachment.

  • What is the ischium?

    The ischium forms the lower and back part of the hip bone and supports body weight when sitting.

  • What is the pubis bone?

    The pubis is the anterior part of the hip bone; the two pubic bones meet at the pubic symphysis.

  • What is the pubic symphysis?

    The pubic symphysis is a cartilaginous joint uniting the two pubic bones at the front of the pelvis.

  • What is the acetabulum?

    The acetabulum is the deep socket on the lateral pelvis where the head of the femur articulates to form the hip joint.

  • How does the pelvic girdle differ between males and females?

    Female pelvis is wider, shallower, and has a larger pelvic inlet and outlet to facilitate childbirth compared to the male pelvis.

  • What type of joint is the hip joint?

    The hip joint is a ball-and-socket synovial joint allowing multi-directional movement and stability.

  • Name the three main regions of a typical long bone.

    The three main regions are the diaphysis (shaft), epiphyses (ends), and metaphysis (growth plate area).

  • What is the function of the iliac crest?

    The iliac crest serves as an attachment site for abdominal and thigh muscles and protects internal organs.

  • What bones form the pelvic inlet?

    The pelvic inlet is formed by the sacral promontory, arcuate lines of the ilium, and the pubic symphysis.

  • What is the sacrum's role in the pelvic girdle?

    The sacrum connects the spine to the pelvic girdle via the sacroiliac joints, providing stability and support.

  • What is the difference between true pelvis and false pelvis?

    The true pelvis lies below the pelvic brim and contains pelvic organs; the false pelvis lies above and supports abdominal organs.

  • What type of bone tissue primarily composes the pelvic girdle?

    The pelvic girdle is mainly composed of compact bone on the outside and spongy bone inside.

  • What is the obturator foramen?

    The obturator foramen is a large opening in the hip bone allowing passage of nerves and blood vessels to the thigh.

  • How does the pelvic girdle contribute to locomotion?

    It transmits forces from the lower limbs to the axial skeleton and provides attachment points for muscles involved in walking and running.