Question 1

Which of the following is NOT a basic function shared by all cells?

Accepted Answer

Cell movement

Question 2

A patient is accidentally given a hypertonic IV solution. What will most likely happen to their red blood cells, and why?

Accepted Answer

Water will move out of the cells, causing them to shrink, because the extracellular fluid has a higher solute concentration.

Question 3

Which of the following best describes the arrangement of phospholipids in the plasma membrane?

Accepted Answer

A bilayer of phospholipids with the phosphate heads facing the cytosol and extracellular fluid, and the fatty acid tails facing one another

Question 4

Which statement about the plasma membrane is FALSE?

Accepted Answer

Membrane cholesterol is vital for cell-cell recognition.

Question 5

What is the primary difference between active and passive transport across the plasma membrane?

Accepted Answer

Active transport requires energy input, usually from ATP, while passive transport does not.

Question 6

Which organelle is responsible for synthesizing most of a cell’s ATP?

Accepted Answer

Mitochondrion

Question 7

A cell is placed in a hypotonic solution. Predict the direction of water movement and the likely outcome for the cell.

Accepted Answer

Water will move into the cell, causing it to swell.

Question 8

Which of the following processes is best described as the movement of solvent from a solution of lower solute concentration to a solution of higher solute concentration?

Accepted Answer

Osmosis

Question 9

Which statement about the cytoskeleton is FALSE?

Accepted Answer

Intermediate filaments are ropelike structures composed of tubulin proteins.

Question 10

Which of the following best describes the function of the nucleolus?

Accepted Answer

Within the nucleolus we find genes for rRNA.

Question 11

During protein synthesis, which enzyme builds the mRNA transcript?

Accepted Answer

RNA polymerase

Question 12

Which of the following is NOT a phase of mitosis?

Accepted Answer

Interphase

Question 13

Why is regulation of the cell cycle necessary?

Accepted Answer

To ensure cells divide only when needed, preventing uncontrolled growth such as cancer.

Question 14

Which of the following best describes secondary active transport?

Accepted Answer

Transport of a substance against its concentration gradient using energy from the movement of another substance down its gradient.

Question 15

Which step occurs FIRST during protein synthesis?

Accepted Answer

The transcription factor binds the promoter.

Question 16

Which of the following is TRUE regarding the S phase of the cell cycle?

Accepted Answer

DNA is replicated during the S phase.

Question 17

A scientist observes a cell engulfing a large bacterium. Which process is most likely occurring?

Accepted Answer

Phagocytosis

Question 18

Which organelle contains digestive enzymes and is responsible for breaking down waste within the cell?

Accepted Answer

Lysosome

Question 19

Which of the following best summarizes the process of transcription?

Accepted Answer

A strand of mRNA is synthesized from a DNA template.

Question 20

Cells in which of the following tissues would you expect to have the highest rate of division?

Accepted Answer

Epithelial tissue lining the intestine

A&P I Chapter 3 Study Guide – Cell Structure, Membrane Transport, and Cell Cycle

Study Guide - Practice Questions

Study Guide - Flashcards