Question 1

Which of the following best describes the chemical property of acids in aqueous solution?

Accepted Answer

They release hydrogen ions ($H^+$) in water.

Question 2

A solution has a pH of 2. Which of the following statements is correct regarding its acidity?

Accepted Answer

It is a strong acid.

Question 3

Which equation correctly represents the bicarbonate buffer system in the blood?

Accepted Answer

$H_2CO_3 \rightarrow H^+ + HCO_3^-$

Question 4

Which organ is primarily responsible for producing bile to aid in lipid digestion?

Accepted Answer

Liver

Question 5

A patient has a blood pH of 7.2. Which condition does this indicate?

Accepted Answer

Acidosis

Question 6

Which of the following is a function of pancreatic enzymes in the digestive system?

Accepted Answer

They break down carbohydrates, proteins, and fats into absorbable molecules.

Question 7

Which process best describes mechanical digestion in the human body?

Accepted Answer

Physical breakdown of food by chewing and mixing.

Question 8

If the concentration of $H^+$ ions in a solution increases from $10^{-7}$ to $10^{-5}$ mol/L, how does the pH change?

Accepted Answer

The pH decreases by 2 units.

Question 9

Which of the following is NOT a symptom or complication of acute pancreatitis?

Accepted Answer

Scarring (fibrosis) of pancreatic tissue

Question 10

Which macromolecule is primarily used as a source of quick energy in human cells?

Accepted Answer

Carbohydrates

Question 11

Which of the following best explains why cell membranes are described as 'selectively permeable'?

Accepted Answer

They allow certain substances to pass while blocking others.

Question 12

Which of the following is a correct statement about bases?

Accepted Answer

Bases release $OH^-$ ions in water.

Question 13

Which organ reabsorbs water and expels undigested food as feces?

Accepted Answer

Large intestine

Question 14

A patient with chronic pancreatitis is at risk for which of the following complications?

Accepted Answer

Scarring (fibrosis) and reduced enzyme production

Question 15

Which of the following best describes the role of bile in digestion?

Accepted Answer

Bile emulsifies fats, increasing their surface area for enzyme action.

Question 16

Which of the following is a symptom of cirrhosis?

Accepted Answer

Fatigue and weakness

Question 17

Which of the following best describes homeostasis?

Accepted Answer

The ability to maintain a stable internal environment despite external changes.

Question 18

Which of the following is a correct sequence for the movement of food through the digestive tract?

Accepted Answer

Mouth → Pharynx → Esophagus → Stomach → Small intestine → Large intestine → Rectum → Anus

Question 19

Which of the following best explains the difference between mechanical and chemical digestion?

Accepted Answer

Mechanical digestion is the physical breakdown of food, while chemical digestion uses enzymes to break down molecules.

Question 20

Which of the following is a major function of the small intestine?

Accepted Answer

Completing digestion and absorbing nutrients into the blood.

Acids, Bases, Digestion, and Metabolism: Key Concepts in Anatomy & Physiology

Study Guide - Practice Questions