Question 1

Which structure is considered the functional unit of compact bone, and what is its primary role?

Accepted Answer

Osteon; it provides structural support and houses blood vessels and nerves

Question 2

A patient suffers a fracture in a sesamoid bone. Which of the following is the most likely location for this injury?

Accepted Answer

Patella

Question 3

Which of the following best describes the function of canaliculi in compact bone?

Accepted Answer

They are pathways for osteocytes to communicate and exchange nutrients

Question 4

During a physical exam, a patient demonstrates the ability to move their forearm so the palm faces upward. Which movement is this?

Accepted Answer

Supination

Question 5

Which of the following bones is part of the axial skeleton?

Accepted Answer

Sternum

Question 6

A patient is unable to perform abduction at the shoulder joint. Which movement is most affected?

Accepted Answer

Moving the arm away from the midline

Question 7

Which of the following vertebrae can be identified by the presence of transverse foramina?

Accepted Answer

Cervical vertebrae

Question 8

Which bone type is best described as being roughly cube-shaped and found in the wrist and ankle?

Accepted Answer

Short bone

Question 9

A soccer player twists their ankle so the sole of the foot turns medially. What is this movement called?

Accepted Answer

Inversion

Question 10

Which structure surrounds the entire outer surface of compact bone and is essential for bone growth and repair?

Accepted Answer

Periosteum

Question 11

A patient presents with a herniated disc between L4 and L5. Which region of the vertebral column is affected?

Accepted Answer

Lumbar

Question 12

Which of the following movements describes decreasing the angle between two bones at a joint?

Accepted Answer

Flexion

Question 13

Which bone is classified as an irregular bone?

Accepted Answer

Vertebra

Question 14

A patient is asked to rotate their forearm so the palm faces downward. Which movement is this?

Accepted Answer

Pronation

Question 15

Which of the following best describes concentric lamellae in compact bone?

Accepted Answer

They are circular layers of bone matrix surrounding the osteon

Question 16

Which movement would be most limited if the radius and ulna were fused together?

Accepted Answer

Supination and pronation of the forearm

Question 17

Which of the following is NOT a function of the periosteum?

Accepted Answer

Storing red bone marrow for hematopoiesis

Question 18

A gymnast performs a split, moving her legs away from the midline. Which movement is this?

Accepted Answer

Abduction

Question 19

Which of the following bones is part of the appendicular skeleton?

Accepted Answer

Humerus

Question 20

A patient is unable to rotate their arm so the thumb points away from the body. Which movement is impaired?

Accepted Answer

External rotation

AHS 131 Lab Exam 2 Review: Compact Bone, Skeleton, and Ranges of Motion

Study Guide - Practice Questions