Question 1

Which glial cell is primarily responsible for forming the myelin sheath around axons in the central nervous system (CNS)?

Accepted Answer

Oligodendrocyte

Question 2

A patient suffers a stroke that damages the right primary motor cortex. Which of the following is most likely to occur?

Accepted Answer

Loss of voluntary movement on the left side of the body

Question 3

Which structure acts as the main relay station for sensory information ascending to the cerebral cortex?

Accepted Answer

Thalamus

Question 4

Which of the following best describes the function of the reticular activating system (RAS)?

Accepted Answer

Maintains arousal of the brain and filters incoming sensory signals

Question 5

Which of the following is TRUE regarding the blood-brain barrier?

Accepted Answer

It is formed by astrocytes and tight junctions between endothelial cells.

Question 6

Which region of the brain is responsible for conscious awareness of balance and position of the head in space?

Accepted Answer

Vestibular cortex

Question 7

A lesion in the posterior association area of the cerebral cortex may result in which of the following symptoms?

Accepted Answer

Contralateral neglect (ignoring one side of the body)

Question 8

Which of the following cranial nerves is responsible for hearing and balance?

Accepted Answer

VIII (Vestibulocochlear)

Question 9

Which of the following best describes the structural difference between gray matter and white matter in the CNS?

Accepted Answer

Gray matter contains neuron cell bodies and unmyelinated axons; white matter contains myelinated axons.

Question 10

Which of the following equations correctly represents the relationship between the number of spinal nerves and vertebrae?

Accepted Answer

There are $$\ 31 \ $$ pairs of spinal nerves and $$\ 26 \ $$ vertebrae.

Question 11

Which of the following is a function of the hypothalamus?

Accepted Answer

Regulation of body temperature, hunger, thirst, and endocrine activity

Question 12

Which term refers to a bundle of axons in the peripheral nervous system (PNS)?

Accepted Answer

Nerve

Question 13

Which of the following is TRUE about the cerebral hemispheres?

Accepted Answer

Each hemisphere controls sensory and motor functions of the contralateral side of the body.

Question 14

Which of the following structures is NOT part of the diencephalon?

Accepted Answer

Cerebellum

Question 15

Which of the following best describes the function of the basal nuclei?

Accepted Answer

Initiate and monitor intensity of movements, inhibit unnecessary actions, and filter responses

Question 16

Which of the following is a correct description of the function of the cerebellum?

Accepted Answer

Processes input from cortex, brain stem, and sensory receptors to coordinate smooth, balanced movements

Question 17

Which of the following is TRUE regarding the organization of the spinal cord?

Accepted Answer

The spinal cord has an inner layer of gray matter surrounded by an outer layer of white matter.

Question 18

Which of the following is a real-life example of the importance of the somatosensory association area?

Accepted Answer

A person who can recognize objects by touch even when blindfolded

Question 19

Which of the following best describes the function of the corpus callosum?

Accepted Answer

Connects corresponding areas between the two cerebral hemispheres

Anatomy and Organization of the Nervous System

Study Guide - Practice Questions