Q: Which of the following is the correct sequence for the activation of prothrombin during blood clotting?

$\text{Prothrombin} \rightarrow \text{Thrombin}$

Question 1

Which plasma protein is most responsible for maintaining the osmotic pressure of blood, and what would likely happen if its concentration significantly decreased?

Accepted Answer

Albumin; tissue edema would increase due to fluid leaving the blood vessels

Question 2

A patient is found to have a hematocrit of 30%. Which of the following best describes this finding?

Accepted Answer

The patient has a lower than normal percentage of red blood cells

Question 3

Which of the following best explains why blood is classified as a connective tissue?

Accepted Answer

It contains a liquid extracellular matrix called plasma that suspends cells and cell fragments

Question 4

A patient with liver failure is at increased risk of excessive bleeding. Which plasma protein deficiency is most likely responsible?

Accepted Answer

Fibrinogen

Question 5

Which of the following best describes the function of erythropoietin?

Accepted Answer

It stimulates the production of red blood cells in the bone marrow

Question 6

A blood sample is bright red in color. What does this indicate about the sample?

Accepted Answer

It has a high oxygen content

Question 7

Which of the following is the correct sequence for the activation of prothrombin during blood clotting?

Accepted Answer

$	ext{Prothrombin} ightarrow 	ext{Thrombin}$

Question 8

A patient is diagnosed with leukocytosis. Which of the following best describes this condition?

Accepted Answer

An increased number of white blood cells

Question 9

Which of the following best explains the process of diapedesis (emigration) in white blood cells?

Accepted Answer

WBCs leave the bloodstream by squeezing through the endothelial cells of blood vessels

Question 10

A patient with a genetic deficiency in the Rh factor would most likely experience which of the following?

Accepted Answer

Potential for hemolytic disease of the newborn if the mother is Rh-negative and the fetus is Rh-positive

Question 11

Which of the following is a function of blood that helps maintain homeostasis in the body?

Accepted Answer

Regulation of pH through buffer systems

Question 12

A patient with a low albumin level is likely to experience which of the following symptoms?

Accepted Answer

Edema due to decreased blood osmotic pressure

Question 13

Which of the following best describes the role of platelets in hemostasis?

Accepted Answer

They initiate the clotting process by forming a temporary plug at the site of injury

Question 14

Which of the following statements about blood pH is correct?

Accepted Answer

Blood is alkaline with a pH range of $7.35-7.45$

Question 15

A patient has a total blood volume of 5.5 L. If their plasma makes up 55% of their blood, what is the volume of plasma in liters?

Accepted Answer

$5.5 	imes 0.55 = 3.025$ L

Question 16

Which of the following best describes the function of hemoglobin in red blood cells?

Accepted Answer

It transports oxygen and carbon dioxide in the blood

Question 17

A patient with a deficiency in colony-stimulating factors would most likely have which of the following problems?

Accepted Answer

Decreased production of white blood cells

Question 18

Which of the following best describes the difference between plasma and serum?

Accepted Answer

Serum is plasma without clotting proteins

Question 19

A patient with a high number of eosinophils is most likely experiencing which of the following?

Accepted Answer

An allergic reaction or parasitic infection

Question 20

Which of the following best explains why interstitial fluid must be constantly renewed by blood?

Accepted Answer

To supply nutrients and remove wastes from body cells

Anatomy & Physiology: Blood (Chapter 17) Study Notes

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