Question 1

Which of the following best describes the primary function of erythrocytes in blood?

Accepted Answer

To transport oxygen from the lungs to body tissues

Question 2

A patient presents with chronic edema in the lower limbs. Which lymphatic function is most likely impaired?

Accepted Answer

Return of interstitial fluid to the bloodstream

Question 3

Which layer of the heart wall is responsible for the contractile force that pumps blood?

Accepted Answer

Myocardium

Question 4

During the cardiac cycle, which event is represented by the QRS complex on an ECG?

Accepted Answer

Ventricular depolarization

Question 5

Which of the following equations correctly represents cardiac output ($$CO$$)?

Accepted Answer

$$CO = HR 	imes SV$$

Question 6

A patient’s blood pressure is measured as 120/80 mmHg. Which value represents the systolic pressure?

Accepted Answer

120 mmHg

Question 7

Which blood vessel type is primarily responsible for the exchange of gases and nutrients between blood and tissues?

Accepted Answer

Capillaries

Question 8

Which hormone is most directly involved in regulating blood volume by promoting water reabsorption in the kidneys?

Accepted Answer

Antidiuretic hormone (ADH)

Question 9

A blockage in the right lymphatic duct would most likely result in which clinical symptom?

Accepted Answer

Edema in the right arm and right side of the head

Question 10

Which of the following best describes the role of the sinoatrial (SA) node in the heart?

Accepted Answer

It initiates the electrical impulses that set the pace for the heart rate

Question 11

Which of the following is a correct description of the function of lymph nodes?

Accepted Answer

They filter lymph and trap pathogens

Question 12

Which of the following is a direct effect of vasoconstriction on blood pressure?

Accepted Answer

It increases blood pressure by decreasing vessel diameter

Question 13

A patient with a deficiency in plasma proteins is likely to experience which of the following?

Accepted Answer

Decreased osmotic pressure leading to edema

Question 14

Which of the following best explains the role of the pulmonary circuit in the cardiovascular system?

Accepted Answer

It transports deoxygenated blood to the lungs for gas exchange

Question 15

Which formula correctly calculates mean arterial pressure ($$MAP$$)?

Accepted Answer

$$MAP = Diastolic + \frac{1}{3} (Systolic - Diastolic)$$

Question 16

Which of the following is a function of the lymphatic system that directly supports immune defense?

Accepted Answer

Producing and housing lymphocytes

Question 17

A patient with hyperaldosteronism is likely to experience which of the following changes in blood volume and pressure?

Accepted Answer

Increased blood volume and increased blood pressure

Question 18

Which of the following best describes the relationship between blood vessels and lymphatic vessels?

Accepted Answer

Lymphatic vessels return excess interstitial fluid to the bloodstream

Question 19

Which of the following is a direct consequence of a blockage in a major vein?

Accepted Answer

Increased venous pressure and possible edema

Question 20

A patient’s ECG shows an abnormally prolonged PR interval. Which part of the cardiac conduction system is most likely affected?

Accepted Answer

Atrioventricular (AV) node

Anatomy & Physiology: Cardiovascular and Lymphatic Systems Study Guide

Study Guide - Practice Questions