Question 1

A patient presents with a stab wound that penetrates the thoracic cavity. Which serous membrane would most likely be directly affected by this injury?

Accepted Answer

Pleura

Question 2

Which of the following best describes the function of the smooth endoplasmic reticulum (SER) in liver cells?

Accepted Answer

Detoxification of harmful substances

Question 3

A biopsy of a tissue sample reveals multiple layers of flat cells. Which type of epithelium is this most likely to be?

Accepted Answer

Stratified squamous epithelium

Question 4

During which phase of the cell cycle is DNA replicated?

$	ext{A. G}_1$ 
$	ext{B. S}$ 
$	ext{C. G}_2$ 
$	ext{D. M}$

Accepted Answer

$	ext{S}$

Question 5

A patient with hypercholesterolemia has a genetic defect in the LDL receptor. Which cellular process is most directly impaired?

Accepted Answer

Receptor-mediated endocytosis

Question 6

Which of the following best explains why the plasma membrane is described as a 'fluid mosaic'?

Accepted Answer

Proteins and lipids can move laterally within the layer.

Question 7

A histological slide shows tissue with densely packed collagen fibers running parallel to each other. This tissue is most likely:

Accepted Answer

Dense regular connective tissue

Question 8

Which of the following is a function of the Golgi apparatus?

Accepted Answer

Modification and packaging of proteins

Question 9

A patient has a mutation that prevents the formation of desmosomes. Which tissue would be most affected by this defect?

Accepted Answer

Epithelial tissue

Question 10

Which of the following best describes the main function of stratified squamous epithelium?

Accepted Answer

Protection from abrasion

Question 11

A cell is placed in a hypertonic solution. What will happen to the cell?

Accepted Answer

It will shrink as water leaves the cell.

Question 12

Which of the following best describes the role of mitochondria in the cell?

Accepted Answer

ATP production through cellular respiration

Question 13

A tissue sample is found to have a matrix rich in chondroitin sulfate and cells in lacunae. This tissue is most likely:

Accepted Answer

Cartilage

Question 14

Which of the following best explains why stratified squamous epithelium is found in the esophagus?

Accepted Answer

It protects against abrasion from food particles.

Question 15

A patient is diagnosed with a genetic disorder that affects the function of lysosomes. Which cellular process is most likely impaired?

Accepted Answer

Intracellular digestion of waste

Question 16

Which of the following best describes the function of melanocytes in the skin?

Accepted Answer

Produce melanin to protect against UV radiation

Question 17

A patient with a burn that destroys the epidermis and dermis is at risk for which of the following complications?

Accepted Answer

Loss of fluid and infection

Question 18

Which of the following best describes the main function of the reticular layer of the dermis?

Accepted Answer

Provides strength and elasticity to the skin

Question 19

A patient is found to have a mutation in the gene coding for collagen. Which tissue would be most directly affected?

Accepted Answer

Connective tissue

Question 20

Which of the following best explains why the stratum corneum is important for the skin's function?

Accepted Answer

It acts as a barrier to water loss and pathogens.

Anatomy & Physiology: Cell Structure, Tissue Types, and Integumentary System Study Guide

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