Question 1

Which of the following correctly lists the four major elements found in the human body?

Accepted Answer

Carbon, Hydrogen, Oxygen, Nitrogen

Question 2

In the planetary model of the atom, where are protons, neutrons, and electrons located?

Accepted Answer

Protons and neutrons are in the nucleus; electrons orbit around the nucleus.

Question 3

Which of the following best describes an ion?

Accepted Answer

An atom or molecule with a net electrical charge due to loss or gain of electrons.

Question 4

A patient is given a solution with a pH of 8. Which statement is correct regarding this solution?

Accepted Answer

It is basic, since pH values above 7 indicate a base.

Question 5

Which equation represents a dehydration synthesis reaction?

Accepted Answer

$$C_6H_{12}O_6$ + C_6H_{12}O_6$ \rightarrow C$$_{12}$$H_{22}O$$_{11} + H_2O$

Question 6

Which property of water is most important for regulating body temperature during exercise?

Accepted Answer

High heat capacity

Question 7

A molecule is described as hydrophobic. What does this mean in the context of the cell membrane?

Accepted Answer

It repels water and is found in the interior of the phospholipid bilayer.

Question 8

Which of the following is NOT a function of fats in the human body?

Accepted Answer

Catalyzing metabolic reactions

Question 9

Which statement best explains the difference between saturated and unsaturated fats?

Accepted Answer

Saturated fats have no double bonds between carbon atoms; unsaturated fats have one or more double bonds.

Question 10

Which of the following is a polymer?

Accepted Answer

A long chain of repeating monomer units, such as proteins or polysaccharides.

Question 11

Which of the following best describes the function of enzymes in metabolic reactions?

Accepted Answer

They lower the activation energy required for reactions to occur.

Question 12

A molecule of ATP is hydrolyzed to release energy. Which equation represents this process?

Accepted Answer

$$ATP + H_2O \rightarrow ADP + P_i + energy$$

Question 13

Which of the following is a property of salts that makes them vital in the human body?

Accepted Answer

They dissociate into ions, helping maintain electrolyte balance.

Question 14

Which of the following is NOT a property of water?

Accepted Answer

It is nonpolar and does not dissolve ionic compounds.

Question 15

Which of the following best describes the arrangement of phospholipids in the cell membrane?

Accepted Answer

Hydrophilic heads face outward toward water; hydrophobic tails face inward, forming a bilayer.

Question 16

Which of the following is NOT a category of carbohydrates based on size and complexity?

Accepted Answer

Phospholipids

Question 17

Which of the following is a correct complementary base pair in DNA?

Accepted Answer

Adenine and Thymine

Question 18

Which of the following is a difference between DNA and RNA?

Accepted Answer

DNA contains thymine; RNA contains uracil.

Question 19

Which of the following is NOT a structural level of protein organization?

Accepted Answer

Electrolyte structure

Question 20

Which of the following is a building block of nucleic acids?

Accepted Answer

Nucleotide

Anatomy & Physiology: Chemistry of Life Study Guide

Study Guide - Practice Questions