Question 1

Which of the following best describes a negative feedback system in the human body?

Accepted Answer

A process that reverses the direction of the original stimulus to maintain homeostasis.

Question 2

A red blood cell is placed in a hypotonic solution. What will happen to the cell?

Accepted Answer

It will swell and may burst due to water entering the cell.

Question 3

Which of the following is a correct example of a covalent bond?

Accepted Answer

H2O (water)

Question 4

Which equation correctly represents the relationship between pH and hydrogen ion concentration $$[H^+]$$?

Accepted Answer

$$pH = -\log_{10}([H^+])$$

Question 5

Which of the following best describes the difference between active and passive transport across a cell membrane?

Accepted Answer

Active transport requires energy and moves substances against their concentration gradient, while passive transport does not require energy and moves substances down their concentration gradient.

Question 6

Which of the following is NOT a function of epithelial tissue?

Accepted Answer

Contraction

Question 7

During osmosis, water will move from an area of:

Accepted Answer

Low solute concentration to high solute concentration

Question 8

Which of the following best describes the role of enzymes in chemical reactions?

Accepted Answer

Enzymes act as catalysts to speed up chemical reactions by lowering activation energy.

Question 9

Which type of muscle tissue is under voluntary control?

Accepted Answer

Skeletal muscle

Question 10

Which of the following statements about DNA and RNA is correct?

Accepted Answer

DNA is double-stranded, while RNA is usually single-stranded.

Question 11

Which of the following is a correct example of a positive feedback system in the human body?

Accepted Answer

Blood clotting cascade

Question 12

A solution has a hydrogen ion concentration of $$1 	imes 10$$^{-4}$$ M. What is its pH?

Accepted Answer

$$pH = 4$$

Question 13

Which of the following tissues heals primarily by regeneration?

Accepted Answer

Epithelial tissue

Question 14

Which of the following is a correct description of an exocrine gland?

Accepted Answer

A gland that releases its secretions through ducts to an epithelial surface.

Question 15

Which of the following best describes the difference between a suspension and a solution?

Accepted Answer

A suspension contains particles that settle out over time, while a solution contains particles that remain evenly distributed.

Question 16

Which of the following cell membrane components is primarily responsible for forming hydrophobic regions?

Accepted Answer

Phospholipid tails

Question 17

Which of the following is true regarding the difference between endocrine and exocrine glands?

Accepted Answer

Exocrine glands secrete their products into ducts, while endocrine glands secrete directly into the bloodstream.

Question 18

Which of the following is the correct sequence for transcription from DNA to RNA?

Accepted Answer

Adenine (A) pairs with Uracil (U)

Question 19

Which of the following best describes the process of oxidation-reduction (redox) reactions?

Accepted Answer

Oxidation is the loss of electrons, and reduction is the gain of electrons.

Question 20

A patient is experiencing rapid water loss from cells due to a hypertonic intravenous solution. Which principle explains this movement?

Accepted Answer

Water moves from areas of low solute concentration to high solute concentration via osmosis.

Anatomy & Physiology: Foundational Concepts and Cellular Organization

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