Question 1

Which of the following best describes the difference between anatomy and physiology?

Accepted Answer

Anatomy studies the structure of body parts and their relationships, while physiology studies how body parts work and carry out life-sustaining activities.

Question 2

A patient is unable to maintain a stable internal body temperature after exposure to cold weather. Which necessary life function is most directly impaired?

Accepted Answer

Homeostasis

Question 3

Which organ system is primarily responsible for synthesizing vitamin D and protecting deeper tissues from injury?

Accepted Answer

Integumentary system

Question 4

A person is experiencing rapid breathing in response to exercise. Which necessary life function is being demonstrated?

Accepted Answer

Responsiveness

Question 5

Which of the following is NOT considered a survival need for humans?

Accepted Answer

Movement

Question 6

Which statement about homeostatic control mechanisms is correct?

Accepted Answer

Negative feedback results in a response that reduces the intensity of the original stimulus.

Question 7

Which of the following best describes the role of the cardiovascular system?

Accepted Answer

It transports blood, which carries oxygen, carbon dioxide, nutrients, and wastes.

Question 8

A solution is defined as:

Accepted Answer

A homogeneous mixture where particles are evenly distributed throughout.

Question 9

Which of the following elements makes up the largest percentage of the human body by mass?

Accepted Answer

Oxygen

Question 10

If an atom has 6 protons, 6 neutrons, and 6 electrons, what is its atomic number and mass number?

Accepted Answer

Atomic number: $$6$$, Mass number: $$12$$

Question 11

Which type of chemical bond is formed by the sharing of two or more valence shell electrons between two atoms?

Accepted Answer

Covalent bond

Question 12

A sodium atom ($$Na) $$loses one electron to become $$Na^+. $$What type of ion is $$Na^+$$?

Accepted Answer

Cation

Question 13

Which of the following best explains why noble gases are not chemically reactive?

Accepted Answer

They have a full valence shell of electrons.

Question 14

Which organ system is responsible for eliminating nitrogenous wastes and regulating water, electrolyte, and acid-base balance of the blood?

Accepted Answer

Urinary system

Question 15

Which of the following is an example of kinetic energy in the human body?

Accepted Answer

Movement of charged particles during nerve impulse transmission

Question 16

A patient has a homeostatic imbalance resulting in high blood glucose levels. Which organ system is most likely involved in correcting this imbalance?

Accepted Answer

Endocrine system

Question 17

Which of the following best describes a negative feedback mechanism?

Accepted Answer

The response reduces or shuts off the original stimulus.

Question 18

Which of the following is true about electrons in the outermost shell (valence shell) of an atom?

Accepted Answer

They have the most potential energy and are involved in chemical reactions.

Question 19

Which organ system is responsible for fast-acting control of the body by activating muscles and glands?

Accepted Answer

Nervous system

Question 20

A molecule of water ($$H_2O) is $$held together by which type of bond?

Accepted Answer

Covalent bond

Anatomy & Physiology: Foundations, Chemistry, and Biological Organization

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