Q: Which of the following is true about the sodium-potassium pump?

It requires ATP to move $$\text{Na}^+$$ out of the cell and $$\text{K}^+$$ into the cell.

Question 1

Which of the following best describes the difference between negative and positive feedback in homeostasis?

Accepted Answer

Negative feedback reduces the original stimulus to maintain stability, while positive feedback amplifies the stimulus to drive processes to completion.

Question 2

A patient is experiencing acidosis. Which of the following pH values would most likely be found in their blood?

Accepted Answer

$$6.8$$

Question 3

Which anatomical plane divides the body into left and right sections?

Accepted Answer

Sagittal plane

Question 4

Which of the following best describes a buffer in the context of human physiology?

Accepted Answer

A buffer is a molecule that resists changes in pH by accepting or donating hydrogen ions.

Question 5

Which of the following is NOT a function of membrane proteins?

Accepted Answer

Forming the phospholipid bilayer

Question 6

A solution contains large particles that do not settle out and scatter light. Which type of mixture is this?

Accepted Answer

Colloid

Question 7

Which organelle is primarily responsible for ATP production in eukaryotic cells?

Accepted Answer

Mitochondrion

Question 8

If a cell is placed in a hypotonic solution, what will happen to the cell?

Accepted Answer

It will swell and may burst due to water influx.

Question 9

Which process requires energy input from the cell to move substances against their concentration gradient?

Accepted Answer

Active transport

Question 10

Which of the following best describes the function of ribosomes?

Accepted Answer

Protein synthesis by translating mRNA

Question 11

A mutation changes the codon $$	ext{AUG} in $$mRNA to $$	ext{AUA}. $$What effect will this have during translation?

Accepted Answer

It will code for isoleucine instead of methionine, possibly affecting protein initiation.

Question 12

Which of the following is a function of the Golgi apparatus?

Accepted Answer

Modifying, sorting, and packaging proteins for secretion

Question 13

Which of the following best describes the process of endocytosis?

Accepted Answer

Engulfing extracellular material by forming vesicles from the plasma membrane

Question 14

Which of the following is true about the sodium-potassium pump?

Accepted Answer

It requires ATP to move $$	ext{Na}^+$$ out of the cell and $$	ext{K}^+$$ into the cell.

Question 15

Which of the following best describes the function of tRNA during translation?

Accepted Answer

tRNA carries amino acids to the ribosome and matches its anticodon to the mRNA codon.

Question 16

Which of the following is an example of positive feedback in the human body?

Accepted Answer

Blood clotting cascade

Question 17

Which of the following best describes osmosis?

Accepted Answer

Movement of water from low solute concentration to high solute concentration across a semipermeable membrane

Question 18

Which of the following is a function of smooth endoplasmic reticulum (SER)?

Accepted Answer

Lipid synthesis and detoxification

Question 19

A cell is observed to have many lysosomes. Which function is this cell likely specialized for?

Accepted Answer

Intracellular digestion and breakdown of waste

Question 20

Which of the following statements about the phospholipid bilayer is correct?

Accepted Answer

The hydrophilic heads face both the extracellular and intracellular fluids.

Anatomy & Physiology: Foundations, Chemistry, and Cellular Structure

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