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Anatomy and Physiology II (BIOL-2402) – Course Overview and Study Guide

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Anatomy and Physiology II (BIOL-2402) – Course Overview and Study Guide

Course Introduction

Anatomy and Physiology II is the second part of a two-course sequence focused on the structure and function of the human body. This course emphasizes the following systems: endocrine, cardiovascular, immune, lymphatic, respiratory, digestive, urinary, and reproductive. It integrates anatomical terminology, physiological mechanisms, and laboratory skills essential for students in health and science fields.

1. Course Structure and Logistics

  • Course Code: BIOL-2402

  • Credits: 4

  • Format: Online lecture and laboratory

  • Instructor: Dr. Edith Ofuoku

  • Office Hours: Multiple weekly slots, both in-person and via Microsoft Teams

  • Required Textbook: Fundamentals of Anatomy & Physiology, 11th edition, Frederic Martini et al.

2. Main Topics Covered

  • Endocrine System

  • Cardiovascular System

  • Immune and Lymphatic Systems

  • Respiratory System

  • Digestive System

  • Urinary System

  • Reproductive System

  • Homeostasis and Inter-system Interactions

  • Laboratory Safety and Techniques

3. State-Defined Learning Outcomes

Lecture Outcomes

  • Use anatomical terminology to identify and describe locations of major organs of each system covered.

  • Explain interrelationships among molecular, cellular, tissue, and organ functions in each system.

  • Describe interdependency and interactions of the systems.

  • Explain contributions of organs and systems to the maintenance of homeostasis.

  • Identify causes and effects of homeostatic imbalances.

  • Describe modern technology and tools used to study anatomy and physiology.

Laboratory Outcomes

  • Apply appropriate safety and ethical standards.

  • Locate and identify anatomical structures.

  • Use laboratory equipment (microscopes, dissection tools, general lab ware, data acquisition systems, virtual simulations).

  • Work collaboratively to perform experiments.

  • Demonstrate the scientific method.

  • Communicate results of investigations, analyze data, and formulate conclusions.

  • Use critical thinking and scientific problem-solving skills.

4. Key Terms and Concepts

  • Anatomical Terminology: Standardized language used to describe locations and relationships of body parts.

  • Homeostasis: The maintenance of a stable internal environment within the body.

  • System Interdependence: The concept that body systems work together to maintain health and function.

  • Scientific Method: A systematic approach to research and experimentation involving observation, hypothesis, experimentation, and conclusion.

5. Graded Work and Assessment

The course uses a points-based grading system, with assignments distributed between lecture and laboratory components.

Assignment

Points

Totals

MAP Homework

14 @ 7.14 pts each

100 points

Exams

4 @ 100 pts each

400 points

Lecture Quizzes

10 @ 10 pts each

100 points

Lab Quizzes

10 @ 10 pts each

100 points

Practicals

3 @ 100 pts each

300 points

Case Study Worksheets

10% (10 points each, points=30)

100 points

Total

1,000 points

Final Grade Scale

Points

Percentages

Letter Grade

900-1,000

90-100%

A

800-899

80-89%

B

700-799

70-79%

C

600-699

60-69%

D

0-599

0-59%

F

6. Example: Homeostasis and System Interactions

  • Definition: Homeostasis is the process by which the body maintains a stable internal environment despite changes in external conditions.

  • Example: Regulation of blood glucose levels by the endocrine system (insulin and glucagon secretion by the pancreas).

  • Equation: The concept of negative feedback can be represented as:

7. Laboratory Skills and Safety

  • Proper use of laboratory equipment (microscopes, dissection tools, data acquisition systems).

  • Adherence to safety protocols and ethical standards.

  • Collaboration and communication in group experiments.

8. Academic Success Tips

  • Attend all lectures and labs, participate actively, and utilize office hours and tutoring resources.

  • Read assigned textbook chapters before class for better understanding.

  • Practice using anatomical terminology and identifying structures on models and diagrams.

  • Review feedback from quizzes and practicals to identify areas for improvement.

9. Additional Info

  • Students are expected to have completed Anatomy and Physiology I (BIOL 2401) as a prerequisite.

  • Proctored/monitored assessments may be required for course integrity.

  • Course materials and assignments are accessed via the eCampus platform.

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