Question 1

Which of the following best describes the mechanism by which lymph is moved through lymphatic vessels?

Accepted Answer

Movement of lymph relies on the same mechanisms as movement of venous blood, including skeletal muscle contraction and respiratory pressure changes.

Question 2

A patient has a blockage in the thoracic duct. Which region is most likely to experience lymphatic fluid accumulation (edema)?

Accepted Answer

Left lower limb

Question 3

Which of the following statements about the adaptive immune system is correct?

Accepted Answer

It forms immunological memory, allowing for a faster and stronger response upon subsequent exposure to the same antigen.

Question 4

A newborn receives antibodies from its mother via breast milk. This is an example of:

Accepted Answer

Naturally acquired passive immunity

Question 5

Which of the following is NOT a function of the spleen?

Accepted Answer

Production of new red blood cells in adults

Question 6

During a viral infection, which substance is secreted by infected host cells to protect neighboring cells?

Accepted Answer

Interferons

Question 7

Which antibody is most abundant in bodily secretions such as saliva and breast milk?

Accepted Answer

IgA

Question 8

A patient is exposed to a pathogen and develops a primary immune response. Which of the following best describes the secondary immune response if the patient is exposed again?

Accepted Answer

It is faster and stronger than the primary response due to immunological memory.

Question 9

Which cell type is responsible for secreting surfactant in the alveoli?

Accepted Answer

Type II alveolar cells

Question 10

Which of the following structures is part of the conducting zone of the respiratory system?

Accepted Answer

Segmental bronchi

Question 11

A patient with allergies and a parasitic worm infection is likely to have elevated levels of which leukocyte?

Accepted Answer

Eosinophils

Question 12

Which of the following is NOT a feature of the innate immune response?

Accepted Answer

It relies on antibodies.

Question 13

Which of the following correctly describes the order air travels through the bronchial tree before reaching the alveoli?

Accepted Answer

Primary bronchi → lobar bronchi → segmental bronchi → bronchioles

Question 14

Which of the following statements about MHC proteins is correct?

Accepted Answer

MHC class I is found on all nucleated cells except red blood cells, and cytotoxic T cells (CD8) respond to antigens presented by MHC class I.

Question 15

Which of the following bones make up the bony part of the nasal septum?

Accepted Answer

Vomer and ethmoid bone

Question 16

Which of the following is an example of artificially acquired passive immunity?

Accepted Answer

Transfusion of antisera containing antibodies

Question 17

Which of the following statements about the respiratory membrane is correct?

Accepted Answer

It is composed of the epithelial lining of the alveoli and the endothelium of blood capillaries.

Question 18

Which of the following statements about the lymphatic system is FALSE?

Accepted Answer

Lymphatic vessels carry lymph bidirectionally.

Question 19

Which equation best represents the relationship between partial pressure, concentration, and solubility of a gas in blood, as described by Henry's Law?

Accepted Answer

$$C = k 	imes P$$

Question 20

A patient with a deficiency in helper T cells would most likely have impaired function in which aspect of immunity?

Accepted Answer

Activation of cytotoxic T cells and B cells, leading to reduced adaptive immune responses.

Anatomy & Physiology II: Lymphatic, Immune, and Respiratory System Study Guidance

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