$MV = 500 \times 12 = 6000$ mL/min

Question 1

A patient’s blood sample agglutinates with anti-A and anti-Rh sera, but not with anti-B. What is the patient’s blood type?

Accepted Answer

A+

Question 2

Which structure is responsible for preventing backflow of blood from the right ventricle to the right atrium during ventricular contraction?

Accepted Answer

Tricuspid valve

Question 3

If a person with type O- blood receives type AB+ blood, what is the most likely immunological response?

Accepted Answer

Agglutination and hemolysis due to anti-A, anti-B, and anti-Rh antibodies

Question 4

Which of the following best describes the flow of blood through the heart, starting from the right atrium?

Accepted Answer

Right atrium → right ventricle → pulmonary trunk → pulmonary veins → left atrium → left ventricle → aorta

Question 5

Which hormone is secreted by the anterior pituitary and stimulates the thyroid gland?

Accepted Answer

Thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH)

Question 6

A patient’s blood smear shows elevated eosinophils. Which condition is most likely present?

Accepted Answer

Parasitic infection or allergic reaction

Question 7

Which layer of the artery is primarily responsible for vasoconstriction and vasodilation?

Accepted Answer

Tunica media

Question 8

Which of the following is a correct sequence for the conduction of electrical impulses in the heart?

Accepted Answer

SA node → AV node → bundle of His → Purkinje fibers

Question 9

Which of the following formulas correctly calculates cardiac output ($CO$)?

Accepted Answer

$CO = HR 	imes SV$

Question 10

A patient has a tidal volume of 500 mL and a respiratory rate of 12 breaths per minute. What is the patient’s minute ventilation ($MV$)?

Accepted Answer

$MV = 500 	imes 12 = 6000$ mL/min

Question 11

Which of the following best describes the function of the pulmonary semilunar valve?

Accepted Answer

Prevents backflow of blood into the right ventricle from the pulmonary trunk

Question 12

Which endocrine gland is responsible for producing insulin?

Accepted Answer

Pancreas

Question 13

Which of the following is NOT a function of lymphocytes?

Accepted Answer

Phagocytosis of bacteria

Question 14

A patient with a deficiency in parathyroid hormone (PTH) would most likely experience which of the following?

Accepted Answer

Decreased blood calcium levels

Question 15

Which of the following structures is NOT part of the respiratory system?

Accepted Answer

Pancreas

Question 16

Which of the following best describes the histological appearance of the thyroid gland?

Accepted Answer

Simple cuboidal epithelium surrounding colloid-filled follicles

Question 17

Which blood vessel carries oxygenated blood from the lungs to the heart?

Accepted Answer

Pulmonary vein

Question 18

Which of the following is the correct order of layers in a typical blood vessel from innermost to outermost?

Accepted Answer

Tunica intima → tunica media → tunica externa

Question 19

A patient’s blood test reveals a high number of neutrophils. What is the most likely cause?

Accepted Answer

Bacterial infection

Anatomy & Physiology Lab Study Guide: Blood, Heart, Endocrine, and Respiratory Systems

Study Guide - Practice Questions