Question 1

Which of the following best describes the anatomical position?

Accepted Answer

Standing upright, arms at the sides, palms facing forward, feet together

Question 2

A patient is lying face down on an examination table. Which term best describes their position?

Accepted Answer

Prone

Question 3

Which directional term describes a structure that is closer to the midline of the body?

Accepted Answer

Medial

Question 4

Which plane divides the body into anterior and posterior portions?

Accepted Answer

Frontal (coronal)

Question 5

Which serous membrane directly covers the surface of the lungs?

Accepted Answer

Visceral pleura

Question 6

Which organ system is primarily responsible for protecting against environmental hazards and regulating body temperature?

Accepted Answer

Integumentary system

Question 7

Which organ system is responsible for delivering oxygen to tissues and removing carbon dioxide from the body?

Accepted Answer

Respiratory system

Question 8

Homeostasis is best defined as:

Accepted Answer

Continuous physiological processes that establish a relatively stable internal environment

Question 9

Which type of feedback is used to regulate body temperature?

Accepted Answer

Negative feedback

Question 10

Which of the following is an example of positive feedback in the human body?

Accepted Answer

Blood clotting

Question 11

Which of the following best describes the function of enzymes?

Accepted Answer

Enzymes are proteins that speed up chemical reactions without being used up

Question 12

What is the pH range for acidic solutions according to the pH scale?

Accepted Answer

$$0-7$$

Question 13

Which of the following is the most important energy source in the body?

Accepted Answer

Carbohydrates

Question 14

Which of the following is the correct chemical structure for an amino acid?

Accepted Answer

$$R-$$CHNH_2$$-COOH$$

Question 15

Which of the following statements correctly compares DNA and RNA?

Accepted Answer

DNA contains thymine, while RNA contains uracil

Question 16

What is the role of ATP in the body?

Accepted Answer

ATP stores and releases energy for cellular processes

Question 17

Which of the following is NOT a function of the cell membrane?

Accepted Answer

Protein synthesis

Question 18

Which organelle is responsible for producing most of the ATP required by the cell?

Accepted Answer

Mitochondria

Question 19

Which of the following best describes the function of receptor proteins in the plasma membrane?

Accepted Answer

They are sensitive to specific extracellular ions or molecules (ligands)

Question 20

Which of the following is the correct sequence for the synthesis of a protein from a gene?

Accepted Answer

Transcription of DNA to mRNA, translation of mRNA to protein

Anatomy & Physiology Midterm Study Guide: Core Concepts and Systems

Study Guide - Practice Questions