Question 1

A patient presents with loss of sensation along the lateral forearm. Based on dermatome mapping, which spinal nerve root is most likely affected?

Accepted Answer

C6

Question 2

Which of the following best describes the pathway by which thermoreceptors transmit temperature information to the brain?

Accepted Answer

Receptor → sensory neuron → dorsal root → dorsal horn → cross midline → spinothalamic tract → thalamus → somatosensory cortex

Question 3

A patient with a herniated disc compressing the L4 spinal nerve would most likely experience which of the following symptoms?

Accepted Answer

Loss of sensation over the medial leg and foot

Question 4

Which of the following is the correct sequence of components in a typical reflex arc?

Accepted Answer

Receptor → sensory neuron → integration center → motor neuron → effector

Question 5

A person steps on a sharp object with their right foot. Which reflex causes the left leg to extend to support the body while the right leg withdraws?

Accepted Answer

Crossed extensor reflex

Question 6

Which of the following best explains the function of the Golgi tendon reflex?

Accepted Answer

It prevents muscle and tendon damage by causing muscle relaxation in response to excessive tension.

Question 7

Damage to which nerve plexus would most likely result in impaired function of the upper limb?

Accepted Answer

Brachial plexus

Question 8

Which of the following statements about nerve plexuses is correct?

Accepted Answer

They redistribute nerve fibers so that damage to a single spinal nerve rarely causes total limb paralysis.

Question 9

A patient with a spinal cord injury loses pain and temperature sensation on the left side of the body below the injury. Which pathway is most likely damaged?

Accepted Answer

Right spinothalamic tract

Question 10

Which of the following best describes the difference between a dermatome and a myotome?

Accepted Answer

A dermatome is an area of skin supplied by a single spinal nerve, while a myotome is a group of muscles supplied by a single spinal nerve.

Question 11

Which nerve is a major branch of the sacral plexus and is the largest nerve in the body?

Accepted Answer

Sciatic nerve

Question 12

If a patient has shingles affecting the T4 dermatome, which area of the body would most likely show a rash?

Accepted Answer

At the level of the nipples

Question 13

Which of the following best explains why cold receptors are more numerous than warm receptors in the skin?

Accepted Answer

The body is more sensitive to decreases in temperature, which may signal environmental danger.

Question 14

A patient is unable to flex their elbow and has loss of sensation over the lateral forearm. Which nerve plexus is most likely injured?

Accepted Answer

Brachial plexus

Question 15

Which of the following is a correct statement about the integration center in a reflex arc?

Accepted Answer

It is usually located in the spinal cord and processes sensory input before a motor response.

Question 16

Which of the following best describes the effect of damage to the spinothalamic tract on one side of the spinal cord?

Accepted Answer

Loss of pain and temperature sensation on the opposite side of the body below the lesion

Question 17

Which nerve is responsible for innervating the diaphragm and is part of the cervical plexus?

Accepted Answer

Phrenic nerve

Question 18

A patient presents with loss of sensation in the medial thigh and weakness in hip adduction. Which nerve plexus is most likely involved?

Accepted Answer

Lumbar plexus

Question 19

Which of the following best explains why a single spinal nerve injury rarely causes complete paralysis of a limb?

Accepted Answer

Nerve plexuses redistribute fibers from multiple spinal nerves to each limb.

Question 20

Which of the following is a real-life example of the Golgi tendon reflex in action?

Accepted Answer

A weightlifter's muscle suddenly relaxes when lifting a load that is too heavy, preventing injury.

Anatomy & Physiology: Nervous System Study Guide

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