Question 1

Which of the following best describes the function of the extracellular matrix (ECM) in connective tissue?

Accepted Answer

It supports and anchors cells, regulates intercellular communication, and provides structural integrity.

Question 2

A patient presents with a burn that affects only the epidermis. According to the rule of nines, which formula would you use to estimate the percentage of body surface area affected if the burn covers the entire anterior surface of one leg?

Accepted Answer

$$ 	ext{Percentage} = 18\% $$

Question 3

Which of the following is NOT a function of epithelial tissue?

Accepted Answer

Contraction to produce movement

Question 4

Which of the following best describes the role of collagen fibers in the extracellular matrix?

Accepted Answer

They provide tensile strength and resist stretching.

Question 5

A biopsy reveals a tissue with multiple layers of flat cells. Which type of epithelial tissue is this most likely to be?

Accepted Answer

Stratified squamous epithelium

Question 6

Which of the following statements about the dermis is correct?

Accepted Answer

It contains blood vessels, nerves, and sensory receptors.

Question 7

Which of the following best explains why vitamin D synthesis is important for the body?

Accepted Answer

It is required for the absorption of calcium and phosphate, which are essential for bone health.

Question 8

A patient has a wound that is healing primarily by fibrosis rather than regeneration. What is the most likely outcome for the tissue at the wound site?

Accepted Answer

The tissue will be replaced by scar tissue, which may lack the original function.

Question 9

Which of the following is a key difference between endocrine and exocrine glands?

Accepted Answer

Endocrine glands secrete hormones into the bloodstream, while exocrine glands secrete substances through ducts to an epithelial surface.

Question 10

Which of the following best describes the function of melanocytes in the skin?

Accepted Answer

They produce melanin, which protects against UV radiation.

Question 11

Which of the following is a characteristic of nervous tissue?

Accepted Answer

It contains neurons that transmit electrical impulses.

Question 12

A patient is diagnosed with malignant melanoma. Which rule is commonly used to detect this type of skin cancer?

Accepted Answer

The ABCDE rule

Question 13

Which of the following best describes the difference between mucous and serous membranes?

Accepted Answer

Mucous membranes line body cavities that open to the exterior, while serous membranes line closed body cavities.

Question 14

Which of the following is a function of the hypodermis?

Accepted Answer

It stores fat and anchors the skin to underlying structures.

Question 15

Which of the following best describes the order of the layers of the epidermis from deepest to most superficial?

Accepted Answer

$$ 	ext{Stratum basale} ightarrow 	ext{Stratum spinosum} ightarrow 	ext{Stratum granulosum} ightarrow 	ext{Stratum lucidum} ightarrow 	ext{Stratum corneum} $$

Question 16

Which of the following best explains why cartilage heals more slowly than bone?

Accepted Answer

Cartilage is avascular, so nutrients and cells required for repair must diffuse from surrounding tissues.

Question 17

Which of the following is a function of sebaceous glands?

Accepted Answer

They secrete sebum to lubricate and waterproof the skin and hair.

Question 18

A patient has a genetic disorder affecting the production of elastin fibers in connective tissue. Which of the following symptoms would you most likely expect?

Accepted Answer

Reduced ability of tissues to stretch and recoil

Question 19

Which of the following best describes the function of the axon in a neuron?

Accepted Answer

It transmits electrical impulses away from the cell body.

Question 20

Which of the following is a key difference between skeletal and smooth muscle tissue?

Accepted Answer

Skeletal muscle is striated and under voluntary control, while smooth muscle is non-striated and under involuntary control.

Anatomy & Physiology Study Guide: Histology and Integumentary System

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