Question 1

Which of the following is NOT a function of the integumentary system?

Accepted Answer

Production of red blood cells

Question 2

A patient presents with a deep cut on the palm. The surgeon decides to make the incision parallel to the tension (cleavage) lines of the skin. What is the main reason for this surgical approach?

Accepted Answer

To minimize scarring and promote faster healing

Question 3

Which layer of the epidermis is only found in thick skin, such as the palms of the hands and soles of the feet?

Accepted Answer

Stratum lucidum

Question 4

Which of the following best describes the process of melanin production in the skin?

Accepted Answer

Melanocytes produce melanin, which is transferred to keratinocytes

Question 5

A patient with a burn is evaluated using the 'rule of nines.' What is the primary purpose of this rule?

Accepted Answer

To determine the percentage of body surface area affected

Question 6

Which of the following statements about the hypodermis is correct?

Accepted Answer

It contains large amounts of adipose tissue and anchors the skin to underlying structures

Question 7

Which of the following exocrine glands in the skin is responsible for thermoregulation through sweat production?

Accepted Answer

Eccrine (merocrine) sweat glands

Question 8

Which of the following best explains why melanin decreases the synthesis of vitamin D in the skin?

Accepted Answer

Melanin absorbs ultraviolet (UV) radiation, reducing the amount available to convert 7-dehydrocholesterol to vitamin D$$_3$$

Question 9

Which of the following is a correct sequence of the layers of the epidermis in thick skin, from deep to superficial?

Accepted Answer

Stratum basale, stratum spinosum, stratum granulosum, stratum lucidum, stratum corneum

Question 10

A patient presents with a blue discoloration of the skin and mucous membranes. Which term best describes this condition, and what is its most likely cause?

Accepted Answer

Cyanosis; decreased oxygenation of the blood

Question 11

Which of the following best describes the difference between compact bone and spongy bone?

Accepted Answer

Compact bone is dense and forms the outer layer of bones, while spongy bone is porous and found inside bones

Question 12

Which of the following is the correct function of osteoclasts in bone tissue?

Accepted Answer

Osteoclasts break down bone matrix, releasing calcium into the blood

Question 13

During endochondral ossification, which of the following events occurs first?

Accepted Answer

Development of a cartilage model

Question 14

A 10-year-old child is experiencing rapid growth in height. Which region of the long bone is primarily responsible for this increase in length?

Accepted Answer

Epiphyseal plate (growth plate)

Question 15

Which hormone increases blood calcium levels by stimulating osteoclast activity?

Accepted Answer

Parathyroid hormone (PTH)

Question 16

Which of the following best describes a synovial joint?

Accepted Answer

A joint with a fluid-filled cavity that allows free movement

Question 17

A patient is diagnosed with osteoporosis. Which of the following best describes this condition?

Accepted Answer

Decreased bone mass and increased risk of fractures

Question 18

Which of the following movements describes abduction?

Accepted Answer

Movement of a limb away from the midline of the body

Question 19

A patient presents with a bunion. Which joint is most commonly affected?

Accepted Answer

First metatarsophalangeal joint

Question 20

Which of the following best explains why cartilage heals poorly after injury?

Accepted Answer

Cartilage is avascular, so it lacks a direct blood supply for repair

Anatomy & Physiology Study Guide: Integumentary, Skeletal, and Articular Systems

Study Guide - Practice Questions

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