Question 1

Which of the following best describes the anatomical position?

Accepted Answer

Standing upright, facing forward, arms at sides with palms facing forward

Question 2

Which directional term describes a structure that is closer to the point of attachment of a limb to the trunk?

Accepted Answer

Proximal

Question 3

A patient has a burn that covers the entire anterior surface of one leg and the anterior surface of one arm. Using the rule of nines, what percentage of the body surface is burned?

Accepted Answer

$18\% + 9\% = 27\%$

Question 4

Which of the following is NOT a function of epithelial tissue?

Accepted Answer

Support

Question 5

Which cell junction would you expect to find in tissues that experience high mechanical stress, such as cardiac muscle?

Accepted Answer

Desmosomes

Question 6

Which of the following best describes the difference between anatomy and physiology?

Accepted Answer

Anatomy studies the structure of body parts, while physiology studies their function.

Question 7

Which of the following is a serous membrane that lines the abdominal cavity and covers the abdominal organs?

Accepted Answer

Peritoneum

Question 8

Which connective tissue type is characterized by a rigid matrix and is found at the ends of long bones, providing smooth surfaces for joint movement?

Accepted Answer

Hyaline cartilage

Question 9

Which layer of the epidermis is responsible for cell division and replacement?

Accepted Answer

Stratum basale

Question 10

A patient presents with jaundice, which is a yellowing of the skin. Which pigment is most likely responsible for this condition?

Accepted Answer

Bilirubin

Question 11

Which of the following best describes the difference between the central nervous system (CNS) and the peripheral nervous system (PNS)?

Accepted Answer

CNS consists of the brain and spinal cord; PNS consists of nerves and ganglia outside the CNS.

Question 12

Which neuroglial cell is responsible for producing myelin in the central nervous system?

Accepted Answer

Oligodendrocyte

Question 13

Which of the following best describes the function of the sodium-potassium pump in neurons?

Accepted Answer

It actively transports $3$ sodium ions out and $2$ potassium ions in, maintaining the resting membrane potential.

Question 14

Which of the following is true about saltatory conduction in myelinated axons?

Accepted Answer

Action potentials jump from one node of Ranvier to the next, increasing conduction speed.

Question 15

Which of the following best describes the difference between absolute refractory period and relative refractory period in neurons?

Accepted Answer

During the absolute refractory period, no action potential can be generated; during the relative refractory period, a stronger stimulus can generate an action potential.

Question 16

A patient has difficulty with voluntary movement and coordination. Which part of the nervous system is most likely affected?

Accepted Answer

Somatic motor system

Question 17

Which of the following is a function of the skin?

Accepted Answer

Regulation of body temperature

Question 18

Which type of muscle tissue is found in the walls of hollow organs and is responsible for involuntary movements?

Accepted Answer

Smooth muscle

Question 19

Which of the following best describes the function of gap junctions in cardiac muscle?

Accepted Answer

They allow direct passage of ions and small molecules between adjacent cells, enabling synchronized contraction.

Question 20

Which of the following is the correct order of the layers of the epidermis from deepest to most superficial?

Accepted Answer

Stratum basale, stratum spinosum, stratum granulosum, stratum lucidum, stratum corneum

Anatomy & Physiology Study Guide: Intro, Histology, Integumentary, and Nervous System

Study Guide - Practice Questions

Study Guide - Flashcards