Question 1

Which of the following best describes the role of antidiuretic hormone (ADH) in the body?

Accepted Answer

ADH increases water reabsorption in the kidneys, reducing urine output.

Question 2

A patient presents with high blood glucose levels and frequent urination. Which hormone is most likely deficient?

Accepted Answer

Insulin

Question 3

Which of the following is a correct formula for cardiac output ($$CO$$)?

Accepted Answer

$$CO = HR 	imes SV$$

Question 4

A patient with Addison's disease is most likely to have a deficiency in which hormone?

Accepted Answer

Cortisol

Question 5

Which hormone is released in response to low blood calcium levels and acts to increase blood calcium?

Accepted Answer

Parathyroid hormone (PTH)

Question 6

Which of the following is a direct effect of sympathetic stimulation on the heart?

Accepted Answer

Increased contractility

Question 7

A patient is experiencing dehydration. Which hormone will be secreted to help conserve water?

Accepted Answer

Antidiuretic hormone (ADH)

Question 8

Which of the following best describes the function of erythropoietin?

Accepted Answer

Stimulates the production of red blood cells in the bone marrow

Question 9

Which of the following is a correct formula for stroke volume ($$SV$$)?

Accepted Answer

$$SV = EDV - ESV$$

Question 10

A patient with hyperthyroidism is likely to experience which of the following symptoms?

Accepted Answer

Increased metabolic rate and heat intolerance

Question 11

Which hormone is responsible for stimulating the release of cortisol from the adrenal cortex?

Accepted Answer

Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)

Question 12

Which of the following is a major function of platelets in the blood?

Accepted Answer

Initiate blood clotting

Question 13

A patient with low blood pressure and high blood potassium is most likely suffering from a deficiency of which hormone?

Accepted Answer

Aldosterone

Question 14

Which of the following best describes the effect of insulin on blood glucose levels?

Accepted Answer

Insulin decreases blood glucose by promoting cellular uptake.

Question 15

Which of the following is a correct description of the Frank-Starling law of the heart?

Accepted Answer

The greater the stretch of cardiac muscle fibers, the greater the force of contraction.

Question 16

Which hormone is released from the posterior pituitary and is involved in uterine contractions during childbirth?

Accepted Answer

Oxytocin

Question 17

A patient is found to have a deficiency in vitamin K. Which process will be most directly affected?

Accepted Answer

Blood clotting

Question 18

Which of the following is a correct formula for mean arterial pressure ($$MAP$$)?

Accepted Answer

$$MAP = \frac{1}{3} (SBP - DBP) + DBP$$

Question 19

Which hormone is released in response to stress and increases blood glucose levels?

Accepted Answer

Cortisol

Question 20

A patient with a tumor in the adrenal medulla is likely to have elevated levels of which hormone?

Accepted Answer

Epinephrine

Anatomy & Physiology Study Notes: Endocrine System, Blood, and Cardiovascular System

Study Guide - Practice Questions